WEBVTT 00:00:11.550 --> 00:00:14.632 (gavel bangs) 00:00:14.632 --> 00:00:16.980 The meeting of the Public Utility Commission of Texas 00:00:16.980 --> 00:00:18.253 will come to order to consider matters 00:00:18.253 --> 00:00:19.490 have been duly posted 00:00:19.490 --> 00:00:21.580 with the Secretary of State of Texas 00:00:21.580 --> 00:00:23.370 for August 26th, 2021. 00:00:23.370 --> 00:00:25.190 For the record, my name is Peter Lake. 00:00:25.190 --> 00:00:27.330 And with me today, Will McAdams, Lori Cobos, 00:00:27.330 --> 00:00:28.673 and Jimmy Glotfelty. 00:00:29.923 --> 00:00:31.573 To get started, 00:00:32.933 --> 00:00:36.210 a brief logistics announcement, 00:00:36.210 --> 00:00:39.220 our next work session will cover demand response. 00:00:39.220 --> 00:00:42.200 That will be in mid September. 00:00:42.200 --> 00:00:45.720 I know there was a lot of comments this time 00:00:45.720 --> 00:00:46.710 on demand response, 00:00:46.710 --> 00:00:49.130 so appreciate it if you'll hold your thoughts on that 00:00:49.130 --> 00:00:52.210 during this conversation and save those comments 00:00:52.210 --> 00:00:56.110 for the dedicated work session on demand response. 00:00:56.110 --> 00:00:59.170 And I know we'll be providing guidance 00:00:59.170 --> 00:01:01.620 part of the calendar next week 00:01:01.620 --> 00:01:04.780 for that demand response conversation 00:01:04.780 --> 00:01:06.391 in that work session. 00:01:06.391 --> 00:01:08.920 I think in general, 00:01:08.920 --> 00:01:11.588 our market's got a pretty well-developed 00:01:11.588 --> 00:01:14.660 commercial industrial and transmission level demand response 00:01:14.660 --> 00:01:15.493 that of course, 00:01:15.493 --> 00:01:17.630 there's always something we can improve on 00:01:17.630 --> 00:01:19.220 and we'll look forward to suggestions there, 00:01:19.220 --> 00:01:20.940 there's a big unknown 00:01:20.940 --> 00:01:22.930 in the residential demand response world 00:01:22.930 --> 00:01:24.900 which have many of you highlighted. 00:01:24.900 --> 00:01:27.434 I look forward to hearing about that. 00:01:27.434 --> 00:01:28.940 Mechanics will come out next week, 00:01:28.940 --> 00:01:31.330 but I will also remind folks that it would be very, 00:01:31.330 --> 00:01:34.349 very helpful to know what demand response 00:01:34.349 --> 00:01:37.661 in the residential world is already happening. 00:01:37.661 --> 00:01:39.510 So we can get a better sense 00:01:39.510 --> 00:01:43.570 of how much is being addressed by market forces, 00:01:43.570 --> 00:01:45.230 where you of course don't want to jump in 00:01:45.230 --> 00:01:46.400 and regulate something 00:01:46.400 --> 00:01:48.550 if market forces are already solving the problem. 00:01:48.550 --> 00:01:49.383 So we'll, 00:01:49.383 --> 00:01:51.730 we will be grateful for any and all information 00:01:51.730 --> 00:01:54.608 related to current demand response activities, 00:01:54.608 --> 00:01:58.470 and level demand response 00:01:58.470 --> 00:02:00.943 in residential places going forward. 00:02:03.350 --> 00:02:08.070 Before we dive into today's full business, 00:02:08.070 --> 00:02:10.360 I will first of all want to thank 00:02:10.360 --> 00:02:14.420 the stakeholders who provided constructive, 00:02:14.420 --> 00:02:18.483 creative comments as part of this exercise. 00:02:20.400 --> 00:02:21.233 Many of you, 00:02:23.260 --> 00:02:24.380 showed up in good faith 00:02:24.380 --> 00:02:26.470 and provided valuable input. 00:02:26.470 --> 00:02:28.570 You know who you are, thank you very much. 00:02:29.580 --> 00:02:32.603 We're tackling an enormous challenge. 00:02:33.800 --> 00:02:37.040 And so we need and appreciate all the help and insight 00:02:37.040 --> 00:02:37.873 we can get. 00:02:37.873 --> 00:02:40.430 And I think we're all grateful for the 00:02:40.430 --> 00:02:42.760 the people that showed up in good faith. 00:02:42.760 --> 00:02:46.530 There was another subset of comments that 00:02:46.530 --> 00:02:49.280 primarily focused on preserving profits 00:02:49.280 --> 00:02:51.290 and incumbent business models. 00:02:51.290 --> 00:02:53.220 There is nothing in Senate Bill 2, 00:02:53.220 --> 00:02:54.780 or Senate Bill 3, 00:02:54.780 --> 00:02:59.175 about protecting businesses or incumbent business models. 00:02:59.175 --> 00:03:00.008 As you know, 00:03:00.008 --> 00:03:03.780 it's very much related to improving reliability 00:03:03.780 --> 00:03:07.025 and accountability for the Texas power grid. 00:03:07.025 --> 00:03:11.150 So we will appreciate going forward, 00:03:11.150 --> 00:03:15.310 focusing on truly constructive changes. 00:03:15.310 --> 00:03:17.373 We don't need comments telling us 00:03:17.373 --> 00:03:19.380 that this crisis based business model 00:03:19.380 --> 00:03:22.255 is just fine and we don't need any changes. 00:03:22.255 --> 00:03:24.350 You can save your breath. 00:03:24.350 --> 00:03:26.350 It's not the direction we got from the legislature. 00:03:26.350 --> 00:03:29.210 And it's certainly not the changes 00:03:29.210 --> 00:03:31.913 that the people of Texas are demanding. 00:03:34.880 --> 00:03:39.110 With that we will move to the public comment portion 00:03:39.110 --> 00:03:40.520 of this meeting. 00:03:40.520 --> 00:03:43.520 Invited oral testimony related to a specific agenda item 00:03:43.520 --> 00:03:45.620 will be heard when that item is taken up. 00:03:45.620 --> 00:03:49.210 This is for general comments related to today's agenda. 00:03:49.210 --> 00:03:51.590 Do we have any public comment? 00:03:51.590 --> 00:03:53.540 We're not doing that for work sessions. 00:03:55.810 --> 00:03:56.760 I don't think so. 00:03:59.010 --> 00:04:01.910 We're focused on ERCOT design features today. 00:04:01.910 --> 00:04:04.900 So unless you all, any the rest of the Commission, 00:04:04.900 --> 00:04:08.870 has a desire to take up items 00:04:08.870 --> 00:04:12.180 one through three, five through nine, 11 or 21, 00:04:12.180 --> 00:04:15.750 I think we can go ahead and table those work. 00:04:15.750 --> 00:04:16.810 All right. 00:04:16.810 --> 00:04:18.660 It brings us to item number four. 00:04:18.660 --> 00:04:20.653 We'll bring up our first panel. 00:04:21.790 --> 00:04:25.193 Woody Rickerson, Kanun Ottoman, and Barbara Clemenhagen. 00:04:45.960 --> 00:04:48.400 Good morning. Good morning. 00:04:48.400 --> 00:04:49.700 Woody, looks like you're up first. 00:04:49.700 --> 00:04:50.533 I believe Woody's up first. 00:04:50.533 --> 00:04:52.590 I'm up first? All right. 00:04:52.590 --> 00:04:54.543 So on July 9th, 00:04:55.490 --> 00:04:59.950 we ERCOT sent a list of ERCOT reliability initiatives 00:04:59.950 --> 00:05:00.860 to the PUC. 00:05:00.860 --> 00:05:04.330 I think it's been referred to as ERCOT's wishlist. 00:05:04.330 --> 00:05:06.690 So what I'm gonna cover this morning 00:05:06.690 --> 00:05:08.510 are a four or five slides. 00:05:08.510 --> 00:05:10.440 We kind of break those down into some categories 00:05:10.440 --> 00:05:12.280 and then we'll go over those. 00:05:12.280 --> 00:05:16.253 So this is all based on that July 9th memorandum. 00:05:18.670 --> 00:05:22.413 So starting off with the first group is market concepts. 00:05:24.650 --> 00:05:25.570 First of all, an item there 00:05:25.570 --> 00:05:27.410 is evaluate market design changes 00:05:27.410 --> 00:05:30.750 that would result in an appropriate planning reserve margin. 00:05:30.750 --> 00:05:33.040 I think that's probably the most important 00:05:33.040 --> 00:05:35.030 from a reliability perspective, 00:05:35.030 --> 00:05:38.430 having an appropriate planning reserve margin, 00:05:38.430 --> 00:05:39.820 a big enough planning reserve margin 00:05:39.820 --> 00:05:41.730 is probably the most important thing we have 00:05:41.730 --> 00:05:45.460 from a market design, 00:05:45.460 --> 00:05:48.410 gotta have a market that gives us a planning reserve margin 00:05:49.540 --> 00:05:51.129 that ensures reliability. 00:05:51.129 --> 00:05:55.000 We've got studies that show that a correlation between 00:05:55.000 --> 00:05:57.040 you know, 15, 16% reserve margin 00:05:57.040 --> 00:05:59.900 and a loss of load of once in every 10 years. 00:05:59.900 --> 00:06:03.280 And as that reserve margin goes up, 00:06:03.280 --> 00:06:05.720 the loss of load potential stretches out. 00:06:05.720 --> 00:06:07.474 If it's less than that, 00:06:07.474 --> 00:06:10.150 it's less than once every 10 years and so. 00:06:10.150 --> 00:06:11.450 That's definitely a correlation 00:06:11.450 --> 00:06:14.380 that we're very interested in from a reliability standpoint. 00:06:14.380 --> 00:06:16.380 So that's the first thing. 00:06:16.380 --> 00:06:18.300 And on any of these, if you guys, you know, questions, 00:06:18.300 --> 00:06:19.330 we can stop and talk. 00:06:19.330 --> 00:06:20.710 On that Woody. Okay. 00:06:20.710 --> 00:06:21.860 This is gonna be a good day. 00:06:21.860 --> 00:06:24.233 I've been looking forward to it all week. Okay. 00:06:24.233 --> 00:06:25.240 (people laughing) 00:06:25.240 --> 00:06:26.623 You're saying this is more fun than security? 00:06:26.623 --> 00:06:29.110 It's much more fun. (people laughing) 00:06:29.110 --> 00:06:30.080 I'll agree with that. 00:06:30.080 --> 00:06:31.065 Yeah. 00:06:31.065 --> 00:06:34.350 As it, can you define for the record 00:06:34.350 --> 00:06:36.780 and for the Commission, 00:06:36.780 --> 00:06:38.730 because there's some history behind the statement 00:06:38.730 --> 00:06:40.900 of a planning reserve margin. 00:06:40.900 --> 00:06:43.090 ERCOT does not have a, 00:06:43.090 --> 00:06:45.073 we have a target reserve margin. 00:06:45.073 --> 00:06:48.810 Can you explain the nuance between what ERCOT has 00:06:48.810 --> 00:06:51.570 as a reserve margin and the rest of the country 00:06:51.570 --> 00:06:54.970 and kind of how they envisioned reserve margins? 00:06:54.970 --> 00:06:57.160 Well, they built a reserve margin. 00:06:57.160 --> 00:06:59.040 We let the market provide the reserve margin. 00:06:59.040 --> 00:06:59.882 Okay. 00:06:59.882 --> 00:07:01.530 (crosstalk) 00:07:01.530 --> 00:07:02.363 Right. 00:07:03.490 --> 00:07:05.630 So in terms of 00:07:05.630 --> 00:07:07.498 we try to provide a reserve margin. 00:07:07.498 --> 00:07:09.330 What feeds into that? 00:07:09.330 --> 00:07:11.018 Well, all the generation online, 00:07:11.018 --> 00:07:11.913 Yup. 00:07:12.829 --> 00:07:14.970 that's synchronized with the grid feeds into that. 00:07:14.970 --> 00:07:18.970 The complexity comes from how do you count wind, 00:07:18.970 --> 00:07:19.923 what percentage, 00:07:20.870 --> 00:07:23.180 wind in the panhandle is different from wind on the coast. 00:07:23.180 --> 00:07:26.070 So if it's a hundred megawatt wind farm in the panhandle, 00:07:26.070 --> 00:07:29.233 what percentage do you count of that for the reserve margin. 00:07:30.570 --> 00:07:31.690 Solar, 00:07:31.690 --> 00:07:36.060 same kind of concerns during the, you know, 00:07:36.060 --> 00:07:38.210 what kind of, how does that count toward the reserve margin? 00:07:38.210 --> 00:07:39.870 It's different for a summer reserve margin 00:07:39.870 --> 00:07:42.220 when solar is a really strong contributor. 00:07:42.220 --> 00:07:45.093 A winter reserve margin, not as strong 00:07:45.093 --> 00:07:47.080 because the peaks usually occur outside 00:07:47.080 --> 00:07:49.080 of strong solar hours. 00:07:49.080 --> 00:07:52.540 So all those things are part of that. 00:07:52.540 --> 00:07:55.540 Is there a different planning reserve margin 00:07:55.540 --> 00:07:58.404 for the fall and the spring versus that summer 00:07:58.404 --> 00:08:03.570 and a winter evaluation that we go through? 00:08:03.570 --> 00:08:04.670 There's not, is there? 00:08:04.670 --> 00:08:06.570 There's not a different reserve margin, 00:08:06.570 --> 00:08:09.040 but we count them differently in the CDR. 00:08:09.040 --> 00:08:09.873 Okay. 00:08:09.873 --> 00:08:10.706 So would you say, 00:08:10.706 --> 00:08:12.720 is it fair to say that there's kind of a 00:08:12.720 --> 00:08:15.850 a quasi reserve margin that you sort of, 00:08:15.850 --> 00:08:18.960 you as an operator sort of have in your mind 00:08:18.960 --> 00:08:19.793 in those periods? 00:08:19.793 --> 00:08:21.590 Well, I mean when we look at studies, 00:08:21.590 --> 00:08:24.200 the studies will correlate a reserve margin 00:08:24.200 --> 00:08:25.475 to a loss of load potential. 00:08:25.475 --> 00:08:26.308 Right. 00:08:26.308 --> 00:08:28.100 And, you know, in past summers, 00:08:28.100 --> 00:08:29.960 when we've been down really low, 00:08:29.960 --> 00:08:32.000 we've had a loss of load potential of one server. 00:08:32.000 --> 00:08:34.410 I think it end once every two years, 00:08:34.410 --> 00:08:37.930 you could expect from a statistics standpoint, 00:08:37.930 --> 00:08:39.700 a loss of load event 00:08:39.700 --> 00:08:42.340 and a loss of load, we mean a grid size loss of load. 00:08:42.340 --> 00:08:44.360 That's Statewide load shed lights go out 00:08:44.360 --> 00:08:45.270 every other year. 00:08:45.270 --> 00:08:46.820 Right. Under that. 00:08:47.927 --> 00:08:49.725 That's the 00:08:49.725 --> 00:08:50.558 statistically, 00:08:50.558 --> 00:08:52.776 that was what the studies would show, yes. 00:08:52.776 --> 00:08:55.270 That's not what we're aiming for, right? 00:08:55.270 --> 00:08:56.940 That's the point of this exercise. 00:08:56.940 --> 00:08:58.380 That's why that's probably the first, you know, 00:08:58.380 --> 00:09:00.660 that a reserve margin is the first bullet 00:09:00.660 --> 00:09:02.320 on this presentation too, 00:09:02.320 --> 00:09:04.260 because I think from a reliability standpoint, 00:09:04.260 --> 00:09:06.373 that reserve margin is really the, 00:09:07.630 --> 00:09:08.780 what we're driving for. 00:09:09.910 --> 00:09:12.400 So you mentioned it's incorporated 00:09:13.980 --> 00:09:16.563 related to Will's question the CDR, that's a, 00:09:18.180 --> 00:09:23.310 I guess, a long lead time analysis. 00:09:23.310 --> 00:09:25.360 How do, 00:09:25.360 --> 00:09:29.510 how do we or should we incorporate real time conditions? 00:09:29.510 --> 00:09:35.420 Say for example, the zero wind days we had in June 00:09:35.420 --> 00:09:39.630 or into that reserve margin analysis. 00:09:39.630 --> 00:09:40.463 Right. 00:09:40.463 --> 00:09:41.930 So that's actually in the second bullet there 00:09:41.930 --> 00:09:43.580 is a, you know, improve, 00:09:43.580 --> 00:09:45.240 whatever market design would come up with, 00:09:45.240 --> 00:09:46.770 we wanna improve incentives 00:09:46.770 --> 00:09:48.720 for the attraction retention of flexible 00:09:48.720 --> 00:09:51.100 and dispatchable resources. 00:09:51.100 --> 00:09:51.990 So, you know, 00:09:51.990 --> 00:09:54.897 as we continue to interconnect inverter based resources, 00:09:56.820 --> 00:09:59.780 it's important we maintain a fleet of flexible 00:09:59.780 --> 00:10:01.600 and dispatchable units 00:10:01.600 --> 00:10:04.290 and having a market that has some incentives for those 00:10:04.290 --> 00:10:05.720 is important. 00:10:05.720 --> 00:10:07.260 There's a couple upcoming studies 00:10:07.260 --> 00:10:08.093 that we're gonna have to, 00:10:08.093 --> 00:10:10.740 we're gonna be releasing that with detail, you know, 00:10:10.740 --> 00:10:14.020 what levels are necessary for reliability. 00:10:14.020 --> 00:10:16.640 And also, a follow-up study that will detail 00:10:16.640 --> 00:10:18.190 what kind of funding, 00:10:18.190 --> 00:10:20.880 what kind of market design is necessary to attract those 00:10:20.880 --> 00:10:22.850 and make those viable. 00:10:22.850 --> 00:10:23.683 What level of dispatchable. 00:10:23.683 --> 00:10:24.516 Right. 00:10:24.516 --> 00:10:26.727 And how do you define dispatchable? 00:10:27.990 --> 00:10:30.270 Dispatchable would be that when we call on them 00:10:30.270 --> 00:10:31.630 that they can respond 00:10:31.630 --> 00:10:32.950 Does that include batteries? 00:10:32.950 --> 00:10:33.783 Right. 00:10:35.100 --> 00:10:36.320 Yes. 00:10:36.320 --> 00:10:38.170 Of a certain hour duration? 00:10:39.380 --> 00:10:42.528 I charged batteries dispatchable. So yeah. 00:10:42.528 --> 00:10:43.760 (people laughing) 00:10:43.760 --> 00:10:45.940 But do you all have a view 00:10:46.840 --> 00:10:50.210 on two hour, four hour, six hour, 00:10:50.210 --> 00:10:53.750 eight hour duration batteries yet? 00:10:53.750 --> 00:10:55.180 I mean, you may not have that yet but 00:10:55.180 --> 00:10:58.690 So we do have four different ancillary services 00:10:58.690 --> 00:11:00.023 that are requirements. 00:11:01.270 --> 00:11:03.770 We, we just don't have enough right now. 00:11:03.770 --> 00:11:06.660 We're not, we don't have a requirement 00:11:06.660 --> 00:11:08.140 that if you install a battery ERCOT, 00:11:08.140 --> 00:11:09.830 it's an eight hour discharge battery 00:11:09.830 --> 00:11:10.850 or a one hour discharge, 00:11:10.850 --> 00:11:12.390 there's no requirement that way. 00:11:12.390 --> 00:11:15.434 What we do is we take what people, 00:11:15.434 --> 00:11:17.340 what companies bring to us, 00:11:17.340 --> 00:11:18.860 and we incorporate them into the system 00:11:18.860 --> 00:11:20.670 wherever they fit. 00:11:20.670 --> 00:11:22.640 So there's not a requirement now, 00:11:22.640 --> 00:11:24.220 now that certainly could be 00:11:24.220 --> 00:11:26.900 a market design feature 00:11:26.900 --> 00:11:29.300 that there's an incentive for a 10-hour battery, 00:11:29.300 --> 00:11:31.670 eight-hour battery, or something else. 00:11:31.670 --> 00:11:33.463 And that's certainly something that could be incorporated, 00:11:33.463 --> 00:11:35.060 but that's not something we have today. 00:11:35.060 --> 00:11:36.880 Got it. So let me go back and ask, 00:11:36.880 --> 00:11:39.720 do you believe that a battery 00:11:39.720 --> 00:11:41.860 is considered dispatchable resource? 00:11:41.860 --> 00:11:42.693 Yes. 00:11:42.693 --> 00:11:43.800 Okay, thanks. 00:11:43.800 --> 00:11:45.800 Worth noting that one of the features of batteries 00:11:45.800 --> 00:11:47.450 is the modular nature. 00:11:47.450 --> 00:11:51.660 So that even 4-hour duration can be scaled 00:11:51.660 --> 00:11:54.103 to make it 8, 10, 12 hours. 00:11:57.209 --> 00:11:58.380 And what to follow on Jimmy's question 00:11:58.380 --> 00:12:00.190 in the definition of dispatchable 00:12:00.190 --> 00:12:02.670 does compressed air energy storage, 00:12:02.670 --> 00:12:05.840 pumped hydro co-located with other resources. 00:12:05.840 --> 00:12:09.140 With that counter, is that in play in Texas yet? 00:12:09.140 --> 00:12:11.010 We don't have any of that in play yet. 00:12:11.010 --> 00:12:12.137 It could count. 00:12:12.137 --> 00:12:13.183 And I should back up a little bit. 00:12:13.183 --> 00:12:14.550 I said, I charged battery, 00:12:14.550 --> 00:12:18.170 I guess, charging a battery is also a dispatchable resource. 00:12:18.170 --> 00:12:21.243 So it's a load resource at that point. 00:12:22.714 --> 00:12:23.696 So what do you, 00:12:23.696 --> 00:12:24.780 let me ask you a question real quick. 00:12:24.780 --> 00:12:27.423 Do you currently count batteries in your CDR report? 00:12:29.450 --> 00:12:31.340 God, you got me on the spot there. 00:12:31.340 --> 00:12:32.372 I know we are begin, 00:12:32.372 --> 00:12:34.316 there's talk on how to do that. 00:12:34.316 --> 00:12:36.754 I don't think it's in there yet, 00:12:36.754 --> 00:12:40.073 but that is part of what's being considered at this point. 00:12:40.073 --> 00:12:41.900 Just for background purposes 00:12:41.900 --> 00:12:44.277 and for whoever's watching from the public, 00:12:44.277 --> 00:12:47.200 what is currently counted in the CDR report 00:12:47.200 --> 00:12:48.800 and what are the requirements to be counted 00:12:48.800 --> 00:12:51.193 in the CDR report for those resources? 00:12:53.240 --> 00:12:54.073 Well. 00:12:54.073 --> 00:12:55.950 What type of resources are currently included 00:12:55.950 --> 00:12:56.917 in the CDR report? 00:12:56.917 --> 00:12:57.750 And what are the requirements 00:12:57.750 --> 00:13:00.330 for those resources to be included in your report? 00:13:00.330 --> 00:13:04.113 Nuclear fuel, coal fuel, gas fuel, diesel fueled, 00:13:04.113 --> 00:13:08.050 any kind of thermal generation is counted. 00:13:08.050 --> 00:13:09.473 Wind generation is counted, 00:13:11.650 --> 00:13:13.700 solar generation. 00:13:13.700 --> 00:13:15.250 If batteries aren't counted at this point, 00:13:15.250 --> 00:13:16.573 they will be shortly. 00:13:21.460 --> 00:13:22.603 Load resources. 00:13:23.500 --> 00:13:25.280 What are the requirements that have to be met 00:13:25.280 --> 00:13:26.710 to be counted in the CDR report? 00:13:26.710 --> 00:13:27.543 Well anything 00:13:27.543 --> 00:13:30.240 that's currently synchronized to the system is counted. 00:13:30.240 --> 00:13:31.820 And then if you're looking into future years, 00:13:31.820 --> 00:13:34.920 they have to meet certain planning guide requirements. 00:13:34.920 --> 00:13:37.030 But my understanding is that currently, 00:13:37.030 --> 00:13:39.213 if resource counted in the CDR report, 00:13:39.213 --> 00:13:41.740 you have to have an air permit if you need one. 00:13:41.740 --> 00:13:44.390 Water rights certification, if you need it, 00:13:44.390 --> 00:13:45.940 and an interconnection agreement. 00:13:45.940 --> 00:13:46.773 Right, 00:13:46.773 --> 00:13:47.850 those are the planning guide requirements. 00:13:47.850 --> 00:13:49.560 So, for renewable generation, 00:13:49.560 --> 00:13:50.710 all you really need to have 00:13:50.710 --> 00:13:52.310 is an interconnection agreement. 00:13:54.810 --> 00:13:56.640 There are some planning guide requirements 00:13:56.640 --> 00:13:58.447 for solar and wind as well. 00:13:58.447 --> 00:14:00.693 I mean, we have a lot of generation. 00:14:00.693 --> 00:14:02.083 Wind and solar generation 00:14:02.083 --> 00:14:03.690 that are at different stages 00:14:03.690 --> 00:14:06.920 of the interconnection process. 00:14:06.920 --> 00:14:09.590 And when they reach a certain level, 00:14:09.590 --> 00:14:13.300 then they are able to be part of the CDR. 00:14:13.300 --> 00:14:14.730 And at that level, 00:14:14.730 --> 00:14:16.440 will all of it get built? 00:14:16.440 --> 00:14:18.129 Or is there a certain percentage 00:14:18.129 --> 00:14:20.377 that ERCOT factors in will get built. 00:14:20.377 --> 00:14:22.993 Once it reaches that level, we count all of it. 00:14:24.090 --> 00:14:25.640 But does all of it actually get built? 00:14:25.640 --> 00:14:27.660 For the most part, I think it does. Yes. 00:14:27.660 --> 00:14:28.720 Okay. 00:14:28.720 --> 00:14:29.553 'Cause I think when we look 00:14:29.553 --> 00:14:31.130 We tried to set that level to the point 00:14:31.130 --> 00:14:33.220 where it was a pretty sure thing. 00:14:33.220 --> 00:14:34.053 Right. 00:14:34.053 --> 00:14:35.340 I think that's important to understand 00:14:35.340 --> 00:14:37.570 because you know the planning reserve margin, 00:14:37.570 --> 00:14:40.070 you know, large planning reserve margins 00:14:40.070 --> 00:14:41.130 that we're expecting to have, 00:14:41.130 --> 00:14:43.090 but baked into the planning reserve margins 00:14:43.090 --> 00:14:45.663 are renewable generation, 00:14:46.519 --> 00:14:47.960 that seems to just need an IA 00:14:47.960 --> 00:14:49.440 and maybe some planning requirements 00:14:49.440 --> 00:14:50.870 that may or may not get built, 00:14:50.870 --> 00:14:53.020 but it sounds like a good percentage of it will get built 00:14:53.020 --> 00:14:55.063 based on your <v Woody>Right. 00:14:55.063 --> 00:14:58.055 But then as you look at the planning reserve margin, 00:14:58.055 --> 00:14:59.850 you know, what can he actually count on to be there? 00:14:59.850 --> 00:15:02.650 So that was gonna go to my question is 00:15:02.650 --> 00:15:06.320 so right now we're sitting at 15 plus percent. 00:15:06.320 --> 00:15:08.821 So, and in the future, according to the CDR, 00:15:08.821 --> 00:15:11.513 it's gonna go up exponentially a lot. 00:15:13.270 --> 00:15:14.910 But in that is, 00:15:14.910 --> 00:15:17.130 is your variable resource calculation 00:15:17.130 --> 00:15:18.600 and how that's accounted for. 00:15:18.600 --> 00:15:23.120 So as we move forward and you may think about, 00:15:23.120 --> 00:15:25.310 again, that target reserve margin 00:15:25.310 --> 00:15:27.795 that we try to build up to again, 00:15:27.795 --> 00:15:30.260 other ISO's set theirs like, 00:15:30.260 --> 00:15:32.620 and everybody else has got to bring up their resources 00:15:32.620 --> 00:15:34.340 to comply with that. 00:15:34.340 --> 00:15:36.400 If that's kind of what we're talking about, 00:15:36.400 --> 00:15:39.340 what is baked into it and how do we bake it in? 00:15:39.340 --> 00:15:41.940 Well, and what component of it, I know ERCOT 00:15:41.940 --> 00:15:43.878 It looks at the capacity factor like you were just saying 00:15:43.878 --> 00:15:45.503 for wind and, you know, 00:15:45.503 --> 00:15:47.720 Gulf coast area versus panhandle wind, 00:15:47.720 --> 00:15:49.170 solar, different parts of, you know, 00:15:49.170 --> 00:15:50.850 different times of the year, different seasons, 00:15:50.850 --> 00:15:53.210 but maybe it's worth kind of zooming in on that 00:15:53.210 --> 00:15:54.890 to make sure we're doing that appropriately 00:15:54.890 --> 00:15:55.897 on a seasonal basis, 00:15:55.897 --> 00:15:57.880 different locations throughout the state, 00:15:57.880 --> 00:16:00.500 because if it's being baked into the reserve margin, 00:16:00.500 --> 00:16:03.150 gotta make sure that we have a real realistic picture 00:16:03.150 --> 00:16:04.540 of what were gonna to expect to have. 00:16:04.540 --> 00:16:07.550 And not on average with her 00:16:07.550 --> 00:16:08.760 Exactly Or just skydiving. 00:16:08.760 --> 00:16:11.060 In the universe that we live in. 00:16:11.060 --> 00:16:12.730 And it might be helpful, you know, 00:16:12.730 --> 00:16:13.610 I guess at what point, 00:16:13.610 --> 00:16:16.370 what ERCOT include battery storage in the CDR, 00:16:16.370 --> 00:16:19.320 does it have to reach a certain megawatt level? 00:16:19.320 --> 00:16:20.153 So we can, you know, 00:16:20.153 --> 00:16:23.660 as we have more and more battery storage in or the market, 00:16:23.660 --> 00:16:26.000 you know, how should we be accounting it 00:16:26.000 --> 00:16:28.030 for it in the CDR report? 00:16:28.030 --> 00:16:28.863 And also, 00:16:28.863 --> 00:16:32.630 should we be looking at dispatchable generations differently 00:16:32.630 --> 00:16:34.380 within the CDR report 00:16:35.530 --> 00:16:38.130 and reflected in the planning reservoirs? 00:16:38.130 --> 00:16:41.160 Yeah one of the things you see sometimes is 00:16:41.160 --> 00:16:42.270 you might see a future year 00:16:42.270 --> 00:16:45.270 with a certain number of plants that are gonna be built. 00:16:45.270 --> 00:16:46.580 And then we get to that future year. 00:16:46.580 --> 00:16:50.160 And some of those plants have moved out a year 00:16:50.160 --> 00:16:52.020 and you see a peak bumping out 00:16:52.020 --> 00:16:53.010 from one year to the next. 00:16:53.010 --> 00:16:54.360 That doesn't mean they're not going to be built. 00:16:54.360 --> 00:16:56.100 It just means that the initial estimate 00:16:56.100 --> 00:16:57.446 of when they were going to be built, 00:16:57.446 --> 00:16:59.810 they may get pushed out further. 00:16:59.810 --> 00:17:02.010 And so there may be some changes we can make 00:17:04.373 --> 00:17:06.660 to maybe provide more clarity there or something. 00:17:06.660 --> 00:17:10.130 And the other side of the coin 00:17:10.130 --> 00:17:11.360 that you're talking about Lori 00:17:11.360 --> 00:17:14.810 is what the ice ford curves show 00:17:14.810 --> 00:17:17.883 is unlike most futures curves that increase over time. 00:17:19.030 --> 00:17:22.140 Our current forward curves over the next few years, 00:17:22.140 --> 00:17:27.510 ERCOT decrease in value, which is of course 00:17:27.510 --> 00:17:29.290 a tremendous challenge for anybody who 00:17:29.290 --> 00:17:31.760 wants to bring new dispatchable power 00:17:31.760 --> 00:17:32.970 on there's no, 00:17:32.970 --> 00:17:37.290 there's literally no market for revenues, 00:17:37.290 --> 00:17:39.220 which is part of the problem. 00:17:39.220 --> 00:17:42.700 And of course we want the right kind of investment 00:17:42.700 --> 00:17:44.150 in our power fleet, but that's just, 00:17:44.150 --> 00:17:45.700 it's another version of what you're talking about. 00:17:45.700 --> 00:17:49.270 People see that increasing reserve margin 00:17:50.212 --> 00:17:51.690 and under the current construct, 00:17:51.690 --> 00:17:54.610 there's no rep no way to generate revenue for dispatchable, 00:17:54.610 --> 00:17:57.170 as you can see that in the ice curves. 00:17:57.170 --> 00:17:58.267 Economically. 00:17:58.267 --> 00:18:01.350 So what are you, on that note 00:18:01.350 --> 00:18:05.633 from your view as an Operator, 00:18:06.920 --> 00:18:08.800 come next winter, 00:18:08.800 --> 00:18:10.980 again we will have gone through a summer 00:18:10.980 --> 00:18:15.431 of having a fair amount of batteries on grid 00:18:15.431 --> 00:18:18.205 interacting within your system. 00:18:18.205 --> 00:18:20.367 Do you believe that you'll have 00:18:20.367 --> 00:18:22.180 and it may not be baked into the CDR, 00:18:22.180 --> 00:18:23.870 but from an operator perspective, 00:18:23.870 --> 00:18:26.320 you're gonna have something in mind, 00:18:26.320 --> 00:18:28.770 some view of how they will interact 00:18:28.770 --> 00:18:31.783 for the purposes of the winter season. 00:18:34.532 --> 00:18:37.460 And then is from your knowledge 00:18:37.460 --> 00:18:39.690 of staff considerations, 00:18:39.690 --> 00:18:43.660 will we have a better foundation to build in batteries? 00:18:43.660 --> 00:18:46.140 So we ultimately as a regulator, 00:18:46.140 --> 00:18:49.190 can see a percentage of the CDR now 00:18:49.190 --> 00:18:51.630 going to dispatchable battery generation 00:18:53.020 --> 00:18:54.450 so that we can account for it 00:18:54.450 --> 00:18:57.820 in our consideration of your target reserve margins. 00:18:57.820 --> 00:18:59.000 Well, 00:18:59.000 --> 00:19:01.294 as of December of this year, 00:19:01.294 --> 00:19:03.970 we will have changed our systems 00:19:03.970 --> 00:19:05.444 so that we can incorporate batteries. 00:19:05.444 --> 00:19:06.277 Right. 00:19:06.277 --> 00:19:07.667 So that's a major step. 00:19:07.667 --> 00:19:10.590 That's been a three-year effort 00:19:10.590 --> 00:19:14.653 to modify systems so that we're ready for batteries. 00:19:16.850 --> 00:19:20.880 As far as the winter of 2022, 2023, 00:19:20.880 --> 00:19:24.090 I don't think batteries are gonna be 00:19:24.090 --> 00:19:25.669 a major player. 00:19:25.669 --> 00:19:26.502 Okay. 00:19:26.502 --> 00:19:28.490 There's just not enough hours, 00:19:28.490 --> 00:19:31.140 megawatt hours of energy there yet. 00:19:31.140 --> 00:19:31.973 When you think about, 00:19:31.973 --> 00:19:34.440 if we think about a Uri type event 00:19:34.440 --> 00:19:35.820 and you think about batteries 00:19:35.820 --> 00:19:39.463 having the ability to contribute four, 00:19:40.549 --> 00:19:41.393 10, 12 hours, 00:19:41.393 --> 00:19:44.820 I mean, that's still useful on some days, 00:19:44.820 --> 00:19:47.450 certainly useful on a summer afternoon 00:19:47.450 --> 00:19:50.120 when we have scarcity conditions, 00:19:50.120 --> 00:19:52.200 but for a Uri type of winter event 00:19:52.200 --> 00:19:54.770 that lasts multiple days, 00:19:54.770 --> 00:19:57.630 there's just not enough megawatt hours of energy 00:19:57.630 --> 00:19:58.689 available yet. 00:19:58.689 --> 00:20:01.340 It may be a few years before batteries 00:20:01.340 --> 00:20:05.200 are a real contributor, a difference maker, 00:20:05.200 --> 00:20:06.880 during some kind of event like that. 00:20:06.880 --> 00:20:08.520 But just to press further on that, 00:20:08.520 --> 00:20:11.060 in terms of your ability to arrest a free-fall 00:20:11.060 --> 00:20:11.893 in generation, 00:20:11.893 --> 00:20:14.540 if something freezes up in one part of the state 00:20:14.540 --> 00:20:18.000 or a plant trips for some other condition, 00:20:18.000 --> 00:20:21.822 you would be able to use a fast frequency response tool 00:20:21.822 --> 00:20:23.472 to arrest that free spot, 00:20:23.472 --> 00:20:25.810 free-fall almost instantaneously. 00:20:25.810 --> 00:20:26.643 Yes. 00:20:26.643 --> 00:20:29.415 For short duration events that there's value. 00:20:29.415 --> 00:20:31.680 For long duration events, 00:20:31.680 --> 00:20:34.030 until there are many, many more megawatt hours 00:20:34.030 --> 00:20:36.510 of energy installed capacity. 00:20:36.510 --> 00:20:39.280 That's just not gonna be a major player 00:20:39.280 --> 00:20:41.120 for a big long event like that. 00:20:41.120 --> 00:20:44.610 And which is really what planning reserves and CDRs 00:20:44.610 --> 00:20:46.480 and stuff are looking at 00:20:46.480 --> 00:20:50.417 is kind of a steady state long duration kind of events. 00:20:50.417 --> 00:20:54.270 Not those frequency events or things like that, 00:20:54.270 --> 00:20:58.552 which batteries certainly have a major role to play in that 00:20:58.552 --> 00:21:01.411 and will play a role in the short term. 00:21:01.411 --> 00:21:02.866 Okay. 00:21:02.866 --> 00:21:03.699 Woody, 00:21:03.699 --> 00:21:05.570 can I kind of address a broader concept? 00:21:05.570 --> 00:21:07.100 You mentioned the planning reserve margin, 00:21:07.100 --> 00:21:09.680 and currently it's at, you know, target reserve margin 00:21:09.680 --> 00:21:11.890 for across 13.75. 00:21:11.890 --> 00:21:14.360 Is that figure intended 00:21:14.360 --> 00:21:16.733 to meet a one in 10 reliability standard? 00:21:17.752 --> 00:21:18.923 Ah, roughly, yes. 00:21:19.910 --> 00:21:21.760 And then you said that 00:21:21.760 --> 00:21:23.310 ERCOT's latest study shows 00:21:23.310 --> 00:21:25.563 that we're actually at a one and two-year? 00:21:26.870 --> 00:21:27.920 I said we have been down 00:21:27.920 --> 00:21:29.519 as low as that in the past. 00:21:29.519 --> 00:21:30.352 Not now. 00:21:31.270 --> 00:21:32.103 Well my understanding 00:21:32.103 --> 00:21:33.670 based on stakeholder comments that were filed 00:21:33.670 --> 00:21:36.570 is that a report in February of 2019, 00:21:37.640 --> 00:21:39.160 almost three years ago, 00:21:39.160 --> 00:21:41.846 showed that we were at a one 00:21:41.846 --> 00:21:43.873 and two-year loss of load event. 00:21:46.400 --> 00:21:49.870 Well, when we had a reserve margin of what was it, 00:21:49.870 --> 00:21:52.080 eight and a half or nine percent. 00:21:52.080 --> 00:21:52.913 Where we were. 00:21:52.913 --> 00:21:54.510 So would it make sense 00:21:54.510 --> 00:21:55.788 just so we could level set 00:21:55.788 --> 00:21:57.930 because this study is about three years old 00:21:57.930 --> 00:22:01.166 to update that study, to see where we're at, 00:22:01.166 --> 00:22:04.325 based on where we are in the market today. 00:22:04.325 --> 00:22:05.240 And in terms of the study, 00:22:05.240 --> 00:22:08.733 is that the economically optimal reserve margin study 00:22:08.733 --> 00:22:11.065 that kind of set that baseline down, 00:22:11.065 --> 00:22:12.753 cause it said it low. 00:22:14.387 --> 00:22:16.777 Is that kinda what, what you had envisioned? 00:22:16.777 --> 00:22:18.443 It's a study hall by Brattle 00:22:18.443 --> 00:22:21.260 under ERCOT reliability standard. 00:22:21.260 --> 00:22:22.150 Yep. 00:22:22.150 --> 00:22:25.260 I think that's the one that kind of establishes those tears 00:22:25.260 --> 00:22:27.780 when we get down to economically optimal reserve margin, 00:22:27.780 --> 00:22:30.970 which is different than the one in 10 reliability standard. 00:22:30.970 --> 00:22:31.803 Right. 00:22:31.803 --> 00:22:32.660 There's a, yeah. 00:22:32.660 --> 00:22:35.120 You just trying to get a current 00:22:35.120 --> 00:22:36.890 loss of load probability 00:22:36.890 --> 00:22:40.491 based on today's grid posture. 00:22:40.491 --> 00:22:42.290 Is this like what it looks like today. 00:22:42.290 --> 00:22:44.470 Right, it might be helpful to, 00:22:44.470 --> 00:22:46.022 I don't know how long that study would take, 00:22:46.022 --> 00:22:47.507 but it might be helpful since the last study 00:22:47.507 --> 00:22:49.490 is about four years old to see where we are today. 00:22:49.490 --> 00:22:50.970 Yeah, we're gonna look into that. 00:22:50.970 --> 00:22:51.803 So we, 00:22:52.640 --> 00:22:54.630 We have a study that's coming out shortly 00:22:54.630 --> 00:22:58.030 that shows that, but that's part of that 00:22:58.963 --> 00:23:01.300 that reserve margin study that we've been asked to do 00:23:01.300 --> 00:23:03.825 that will come out before the end of this year, 00:23:03.825 --> 00:23:05.960 but that will they'll have those kinds of numbers in there. 00:23:05.960 --> 00:23:06.793 That's right. 00:23:06.793 --> 00:23:07.807 That's your loss of load study. 00:23:07.807 --> 00:23:10.291 And is that an annual process that you go through? 00:23:10.291 --> 00:23:13.031 This is actually a special request 00:23:13.031 --> 00:23:15.483 that we're we're working on. Yeah. 00:23:16.745 --> 00:23:18.560 Okay. Great. 00:23:18.560 --> 00:23:20.760 I know you've got a hard stop at 10:30, 00:23:20.760 --> 00:23:22.697 so keep going. 00:23:22.697 --> 00:23:24.250 Next one, 00:23:24.250 --> 00:23:26.240 develop financial incentives for resource owners 00:23:26.240 --> 00:23:28.400 that maintain existing or acquire new dual fuel 00:23:28.400 --> 00:23:32.083 capability onsite fuel storage and or energy storage. 00:23:33.970 --> 00:23:34.803 For this item, 00:23:34.803 --> 00:23:37.530 the other small improvements that ERCOT can begin 00:23:37.530 --> 00:23:41.270 like an NPRR that will require Black Start Units 00:23:41.270 --> 00:23:43.650 to have onsite fuel. 00:23:43.650 --> 00:23:46.010 That's something that we do internally 00:23:46.010 --> 00:23:48.230 that we can work out with market participants 00:23:48.230 --> 00:23:51.250 and that NPRR while not filed will be shortly, 00:23:51.250 --> 00:23:54.401 but there are other broader market considerations there 00:23:54.401 --> 00:23:59.145 that you know, dual fuel capability onsite fuel, 00:23:59.145 --> 00:24:00.921 those certainly enhance reliability. 00:24:00.921 --> 00:24:03.450 And what, how there, 00:24:03.450 --> 00:24:05.850 what kind of incentives are provided for that 00:24:05.850 --> 00:24:08.553 in a market design is certainly something to think about. 00:24:10.449 --> 00:24:12.980 Establishing a minimum generation 00:24:12.980 --> 00:24:16.184 to deliverability requirement for dispatchable generation 00:24:16.184 --> 00:24:18.460 in the transmission planning studies. 00:24:18.460 --> 00:24:21.607 So that is a rule change that will be submitted 00:24:21.607 --> 00:24:22.993 maybe today. 00:24:25.152 --> 00:24:26.783 Dispatchable generation, 00:24:28.580 --> 00:24:30.534 what that does is it would require 00:24:30.534 --> 00:24:32.610 the dispatchable generation and planning studies 00:24:32.610 --> 00:24:34.590 be dispatched at a minimum level, 00:24:34.590 --> 00:24:35.840 at least a minimum level. 00:24:35.840 --> 00:24:39.660 So if you have a 500 megawatt unit in a planning study 00:24:39.660 --> 00:24:43.110 and that 500 megawatt unit causes a problem in the past, 00:24:43.110 --> 00:24:45.720 we might dispatch that down to 300 megawatts 00:24:45.720 --> 00:24:46.690 and the problem goes away, 00:24:46.690 --> 00:24:51.090 but you lose 200 megawatts of dispatchable megawatts. 00:24:51.090 --> 00:24:53.270 And so going forward with those planning studies, 00:24:53.270 --> 00:24:54.700 that would be dispatched to the, 00:24:54.700 --> 00:24:58.160 at a higher level so that it would drive 00:24:58.160 --> 00:25:01.920 what would have been an economic transmission project 00:25:01.920 --> 00:25:02.753 that you can now accept 00:25:02.753 --> 00:25:04.980 of getting that extra 200 megawatts out 00:25:04.980 --> 00:25:06.940 and economically driven project. 00:25:06.940 --> 00:25:10.020 Now it would become a reliability driven project. 00:25:10.020 --> 00:25:11.511 So it's a shift, 00:25:11.511 --> 00:25:13.123 to make it a reliability driven project 00:25:13.123 --> 00:25:16.010 instead of economic project. 00:25:16.010 --> 00:25:17.390 And so that's a change 00:25:17.390 --> 00:25:18.700 that we are we are submitting 00:25:18.700 --> 00:25:21.340 into the binding rules documents. 00:25:21.340 --> 00:25:23.340 Now there'll be a planning guide change. 00:25:25.160 --> 00:25:25.993 And finally, 00:25:25.993 --> 00:25:27.860 the established operational requirements 00:25:27.860 --> 00:25:29.020 for private use networks 00:25:29.020 --> 00:25:33.413 during energy emergency and scarcity conditions. 00:25:35.050 --> 00:25:39.090 Well, increasing demands for complex, 00:25:39.090 --> 00:25:41.602 I'll call it complex behind the fence arrangements 00:25:41.602 --> 00:25:43.440 are driving part of this. 00:25:43.440 --> 00:25:45.270 We also saw during winter storm Uri 00:25:45.270 --> 00:25:47.820 that we had private use networks that called us 00:25:47.820 --> 00:25:49.410 and said, hey, we can produce more power 00:25:49.410 --> 00:25:51.350 if you'll let us. 00:25:51.350 --> 00:25:53.540 And that's a great thing to do, 00:25:53.540 --> 00:25:55.840 but we need to get that stuff squared away 00:25:55.840 --> 00:25:57.210 before a winter event 00:25:57.210 --> 00:25:59.130 and not try to do it on the fly. 00:25:59.130 --> 00:26:00.973 And so rules changes there, 00:26:01.996 --> 00:26:05.550 Bitcoin type load behind the fence. 00:26:05.550 --> 00:26:08.730 Those things are deemed to be ironed out. 00:26:08.730 --> 00:26:10.860 We need to understand how we're gonna do that. 00:26:10.860 --> 00:26:12.890 We've got internal processes in place now 00:26:12.890 --> 00:26:14.300 to work through those, 00:26:14.300 --> 00:26:16.170 but if you'll seek some market participants 00:26:16.170 --> 00:26:20.083 or some market changes upcoming on those as well. 00:26:22.270 --> 00:26:27.270 Second group is a wire company concepts, 00:26:28.690 --> 00:26:31.019 so improve the ability of transmission 00:26:31.019 --> 00:26:34.070 and distribution providers to rotate higher, 00:26:34.070 --> 00:26:36.990 higher levels of load shed. 00:26:36.990 --> 00:26:39.852 Maybe one of the most important things we could talk about 00:26:39.852 --> 00:26:42.490 the ability to actually, when we do need to shed load, 00:26:42.490 --> 00:26:45.450 to be able to rotate through that. 00:26:45.450 --> 00:26:48.770 We have a spring survey that showed what could be shed 00:26:48.770 --> 00:26:51.903 and how quickly, what's on the list can be shed. 00:26:53.044 --> 00:26:57.720 I fear that a new critical load designations 00:26:57.720 --> 00:27:01.593 are going to put wire companies in a bind. 00:27:02.510 --> 00:27:04.070 And so working through those issues 00:27:04.070 --> 00:27:08.780 is an important part of this. 00:27:08.780 --> 00:27:09.950 And I think there are, 00:27:09.950 --> 00:27:11.480 there are certainly things that we can change 00:27:11.480 --> 00:27:14.861 and there's talk of changing some of the ratios 00:27:14.861 --> 00:27:16.190 and things like that. 00:27:16.190 --> 00:27:17.370 But those are, that's a, 00:27:17.370 --> 00:27:18.970 that's a certainly an important, 00:27:18.970 --> 00:27:21.850 important change that we need to make right now, 00:27:21.850 --> 00:27:24.605 on how we rotate load 00:27:24.605 --> 00:27:28.514 or how TSPs and wire companies will take load. 00:27:28.514 --> 00:27:30.850 Woody on that, on that point, 00:27:30.850 --> 00:27:31.683 very important point. 00:27:31.683 --> 00:27:34.630 And thank you for highlighting the critical load aspect of, 00:27:34.630 --> 00:27:36.280 of that issue. 00:27:36.280 --> 00:27:37.400 In terms of, you know, 00:27:37.400 --> 00:27:39.560 as we have more and more facilities 00:27:39.560 --> 00:27:41.193 signing up to be critical load. 00:27:43.280 --> 00:27:45.480 One option, 00:27:45.480 --> 00:27:48.730 or potential solution that we heard about 00:27:48.730 --> 00:27:52.730 at our last work session, well, before that, 00:27:52.730 --> 00:27:55.003 on the TDU work session, was segmentation. 00:27:55.940 --> 00:27:58.770 And the ability to segment off critical load 00:27:58.770 --> 00:28:00.880 so that you can open up the line 00:28:00.880 --> 00:28:03.160 to rotate off more customers that are not critical. 00:28:03.160 --> 00:28:05.073 Is that something ERCOT can look into? 00:28:06.180 --> 00:28:07.831 That's not really an ERCOT. 00:28:07.831 --> 00:28:09.747 We don't own the wires. 00:28:10.604 --> 00:28:13.750 We are looking at the grid from a higher level 00:28:13.750 --> 00:28:14.890 and we're saying, 00:28:14.890 --> 00:28:18.100 okay, we need 10,000 megawatts of load shed. 00:28:18.100 --> 00:28:19.670 And we're calling the wireless companies 00:28:19.670 --> 00:28:21.460 and asking them to do their proportion of it. 00:28:21.460 --> 00:28:24.910 Now, how they do that is as an engineering, 00:28:24.910 --> 00:28:28.620 distribution engineering, kind of a problem. 00:28:28.620 --> 00:28:31.640 So the segmentation, that kind of thing 00:28:31.640 --> 00:28:34.860 is something that the TSPs are gonna have to address. 00:28:34.860 --> 00:28:36.440 Is there any potential opportunities 00:28:36.440 --> 00:28:37.740 at the transmission level? 00:28:40.070 --> 00:28:43.910 There's most of this is gonna be at the, 00:28:43.910 --> 00:28:46.032 there is, but the majority of it 00:28:46.032 --> 00:28:48.240 is gonna be at the distribution level. 00:28:48.240 --> 00:28:49.483 Okay, thank you. 00:28:55.430 --> 00:28:56.730 I would also say that 00:28:59.470 --> 00:29:04.540 that changes, segmentation changes, 00:29:04.540 --> 00:29:08.370 they cost money, and those are expensive. 00:29:08.370 --> 00:29:11.870 Those things aren't just an engineering study. 00:29:11.870 --> 00:29:13.543 They are real changes in the field 00:29:13.543 --> 00:29:17.253 that require infrastructure changes. 00:29:19.010 --> 00:29:19.843 Let's see, 00:29:19.843 --> 00:29:24.490 evaluate increasing TSP demand response programs. 00:29:24.490 --> 00:29:25.690 This is kind of goes to, 00:29:27.187 --> 00:29:30.150 there's megawatts, various scarcity condition. 00:29:30.150 --> 00:29:32.860 There are megawatts out there that could be accessed 00:29:32.860 --> 00:29:34.370 that we don't currently access 00:29:35.440 --> 00:29:37.000 for voltage reduction. 00:29:37.000 --> 00:29:38.580 Through voltage reduction, 00:29:38.580 --> 00:29:41.030 we can get access to megawatts 00:29:41.030 --> 00:29:42.550 that could be reduced on the system 00:29:42.550 --> 00:29:43.950 during a scarcity condition. 00:29:45.110 --> 00:29:46.083 Once again, 00:29:47.640 --> 00:29:49.250 I think that's 00:29:49.250 --> 00:29:51.720 that's something that we ought to explore, 00:29:51.720 --> 00:29:53.350 but it does cost money to do that. 00:29:53.350 --> 00:29:56.240 It's not, they're not free megawatts, 00:29:56.240 --> 00:29:59.220 but because they cost money to install the equipment, 00:29:59.220 --> 00:30:00.290 to be able to do that. 00:30:00.290 --> 00:30:02.540 But they are megawatts that, you know, 00:30:02.540 --> 00:30:04.330 hundreds of megawatts even 00:30:04.330 --> 00:30:06.980 that we could reduce load 00:30:06.980 --> 00:30:09.153 and keep from having any kind of load shed, 00:30:09.153 --> 00:30:12.470 because this is a, this is not load shed. 00:30:12.470 --> 00:30:14.163 It's actually just reducing, 00:30:15.544 --> 00:30:18.010 it's reducing the voltage of the megawatts 00:30:18.010 --> 00:30:19.060 that are out there, 00:30:19.060 --> 00:30:21.570 which actually reduces the power requirements. 00:30:21.570 --> 00:30:24.180 And so we can get a real load reduction 00:30:24.180 --> 00:30:26.200 without anyone seeing their lights go off 00:30:26.200 --> 00:30:27.720 by employing this. 00:30:27.720 --> 00:30:29.010 And how many Woody, 00:30:29.010 --> 00:30:30.713 How many megawatts, I'm sorry Lori. 00:30:32.290 --> 00:30:34.720 We spent a lot of time talking about this issue 00:30:34.720 --> 00:30:37.850 at the TDU work session, because I know ERCOT 00:30:37.850 --> 00:30:41.150 and I visited with you and others there at ERCOT 00:30:41.150 --> 00:30:42.660 about this concept 00:30:42.660 --> 00:30:45.720 and how there could be potential opportunities and benefits 00:30:45.720 --> 00:30:50.140 by increasing voltage reduction with the TDUs. 00:30:50.140 --> 00:30:50.973 However, 00:30:51.880 --> 00:30:55.050 based on the feedback I got at the TDU work session, 00:30:55.050 --> 00:30:59.030 it did not sound like there was a lot of opportunity there. 00:30:59.030 --> 00:30:59.900 The general feedback, 00:30:59.900 --> 00:31:04.460 I know Encore has a voltage reduction program and 00:31:05.410 --> 00:31:08.480 but it didn't seem like there was a lot there 00:31:08.480 --> 00:31:10.850 from what the feedback I got from the TDUs. 00:31:10.850 --> 00:31:12.310 Can you reconcile that for me? 00:31:12.310 --> 00:31:13.470 Well, 00:31:13.470 --> 00:31:17.900 I guess a lot is relative term there, 00:31:17.900 --> 00:31:19.220 we've seen studies that showed 00:31:19.220 --> 00:31:21.490 that there were several hundred megawatts 00:31:21.490 --> 00:31:23.970 and that could be the difference between 00:31:23.970 --> 00:31:26.600 an EA2 and a load shed. 00:31:26.600 --> 00:31:29.180 So I'd much rather have voltage reduction program in place 00:31:29.180 --> 00:31:30.050 than go into a load shed. 00:31:30.050 --> 00:31:32.170 But you need special equipment, right? 00:31:32.170 --> 00:31:33.670 You need additional equipment 00:31:33.670 --> 00:31:35.289 that the TDU needs to invest in. 00:31:35.289 --> 00:31:36.200 That's right. So, 00:31:36.200 --> 00:31:38.877 if we wanted to be able to drive that kind of solution 00:31:38.877 --> 00:31:40.420 or assistance, 00:31:40.420 --> 00:31:43.640 we would have to provide a cost recovery mechanism 00:31:43.640 --> 00:31:45.890 because I don't, it doesn't sound like the TDUs 00:31:45.890 --> 00:31:48.010 will just go invest in this equipment. 00:31:48.010 --> 00:31:50.530 Encore has proactively done that on their 00:31:50.530 --> 00:31:52.770 based on their own business decision but, 00:31:52.770 --> 00:31:54.360 it doesn't sound like 00:31:54.360 --> 00:31:55.720 there's a lot of appetite for that 00:31:55.720 --> 00:31:58.250 based on the feedback I got at the last work session. 00:31:58.250 --> 00:31:59.590 That's correct. 00:31:59.590 --> 00:32:01.493 It does, they're not free megawatts. 00:32:01.493 --> 00:32:04.730 They do cost infrastructure in order to, 00:32:04.730 --> 00:32:06.290 to get at them. 00:32:06.290 --> 00:32:10.540 But from a, from a customer standpoint, 00:32:10.540 --> 00:32:14.890 customers would not feel a difference in usability, 00:32:14.890 --> 00:32:17.030 it's megawatts that we can take off the system 00:32:17.030 --> 00:32:18.403 without affecting anyone, 00:32:19.520 --> 00:32:20.750 but it does cost money. 00:32:20.750 --> 00:32:22.410 In ballpark, it's like 300 megawatts. 00:32:22.410 --> 00:32:23.650 I think it's more than that even. 00:32:23.650 --> 00:32:26.100 I think I remember seeing studies that say six 00:32:26.100 --> 00:32:27.323 or 700 megawatts, 00:32:28.440 --> 00:32:29.273 potentially. 00:32:29.273 --> 00:32:30.380 I mean, that's a study. 00:32:32.100 --> 00:32:32.933 Okay. 00:32:32.933 --> 00:32:35.510 And we can look into cost per megawatt 00:32:35.510 --> 00:32:36.910 relative to other resources. 00:32:36.910 --> 00:32:37.743 Sure. 00:32:38.783 --> 00:32:42.140 The next thing here is implement weatherization requirements 00:32:42.140 --> 00:32:43.586 for wire companies. 00:32:43.586 --> 00:32:47.003 We, we talk a lot about that, 00:32:47.003 --> 00:32:48.340 that that it's underway. 00:32:48.340 --> 00:32:49.690 We've got RFPs out. 00:32:49.690 --> 00:32:52.790 We got the, we're moving forward with that now. 00:32:52.790 --> 00:32:55.330 So that's, that's certainly moving forward. 00:32:56.640 --> 00:32:58.880 Require meter read data to be sent to ERCOT 00:32:58.880 --> 00:33:00.980 for industrial customers, 00:33:00.980 --> 00:33:03.730 for industrial IDR meters within the same timeframe 00:33:03.730 --> 00:33:05.414 as smart meter data. 00:33:05.414 --> 00:33:08.220 This will aid in our forecasting 00:33:08.220 --> 00:33:10.450 or the demand response for CP. 00:33:10.450 --> 00:33:12.470 So we could look at what happens today 00:33:12.470 --> 00:33:14.110 and make a forecast of what happens tomorrow, 00:33:14.110 --> 00:33:15.560 if we had that data in 00:33:15.560 --> 00:33:17.240 that's really valuable data. 00:33:17.240 --> 00:33:20.310 I mean right now we are, we are that 00:33:21.240 --> 00:33:24.080 we're not able to have good strong for CP 00:33:24.080 --> 00:33:26.740 or demand response forecasting based on prices. 00:33:26.740 --> 00:33:27.573 It's just 00:33:27.573 --> 00:33:29.660 What's the largest impediment 00:33:29.660 --> 00:33:30.800 to getting that implemented? 00:33:30.800 --> 00:33:32.440 Just how long it takes. 00:33:32.440 --> 00:33:34.230 I mean, the forecast, 00:33:34.230 --> 00:33:36.780 the impediment is we don't get the data fast enough 00:33:36.780 --> 00:33:37.613 to see it. 00:33:37.613 --> 00:33:40.230 What's the impediment to getting 00:33:40.230 --> 00:33:41.120 that done? 00:33:41.120 --> 00:33:41.953 Okay. 00:33:41.953 --> 00:33:42.910 There's, there's two, 00:33:42.910 --> 00:33:44.830 there's an NPRR that's been passed 00:33:44.830 --> 00:33:47.690 and that makes this more possible. 00:33:47.690 --> 00:33:51.530 I think all the TSPs are just not on the same page 00:33:51.530 --> 00:33:52.803 as far as adopting this. 00:33:52.803 --> 00:33:54.710 So it's something that once again, 00:33:54.710 --> 00:33:56.530 they have to spend money to go out 00:33:56.530 --> 00:33:57.690 and change these meters out 00:33:57.690 --> 00:33:59.490 and change their accounting systems. 00:34:01.561 --> 00:34:03.673 The road has been cleared to do this now. 00:34:04.560 --> 00:34:07.550 The NPRRs have been past the load profiling, 00:34:07.550 --> 00:34:09.820 working group has done a lot of work here. 00:34:09.820 --> 00:34:11.560 They're actually gonna produce a matrix 00:34:11.560 --> 00:34:13.660 that shows what each TSP has 00:34:13.660 --> 00:34:15.910 and where they're going with it. 00:34:15.910 --> 00:34:18.364 So this is now changing things in the field 00:34:18.364 --> 00:34:20.320 in order to make this work. 00:34:20.320 --> 00:34:22.100 Change and changing accounting systems 00:34:22.100 --> 00:34:23.390 so that they can read those meters. 00:34:23.390 --> 00:34:27.253 So that's the getting 20 TSPs to you know, 00:34:28.360 --> 00:34:30.110 adopt all of this and implement it. 00:34:31.404 --> 00:34:33.314 Okay. 00:34:33.314 --> 00:34:36.760 Dispatchable generation concepts. 00:34:36.760 --> 00:34:39.110 So when I'm talking about dispatchable, 00:34:39.110 --> 00:34:41.833 I'm mainly talking about thermal generation here. 00:34:44.120 --> 00:34:45.280 Number one on the list here, 00:34:45.280 --> 00:34:48.960 is improve the accuracy of the current operating plan data 00:34:48.960 --> 00:34:50.160 from thermal generation. 00:34:51.020 --> 00:34:52.470 We just need better COP data. 00:34:53.400 --> 00:34:54.837 We, I can look at my, 00:34:54.837 --> 00:34:56.950 I can look at my COP data right now 00:34:56.950 --> 00:34:59.665 and beginning at 1:00 AM this morning, 00:34:59.665 --> 00:35:01.480 I don't have much. 00:35:01.480 --> 00:35:03.790 And so it's hard to do studies for tomorrow 00:35:03.790 --> 00:35:06.720 when we don't know exactly what generation is gonna run. 00:35:06.720 --> 00:35:08.070 So having better COP data 00:35:08.070 --> 00:35:10.905 will make us have better reliability studies 00:35:10.905 --> 00:35:14.660 for the next day, two days out, three days out, 00:35:14.660 --> 00:35:15.920 better outage coordination. 00:35:15.920 --> 00:35:16.950 Everything will be better, 00:35:16.950 --> 00:35:18.170 if we have better COP data. 00:35:18.170 --> 00:35:21.460 To make sure we're hearing that correctly, 00:35:21.460 --> 00:35:22.970 as of 1:00 AM this morning, 00:35:22.970 --> 00:35:25.940 you had very little idea what generators 00:35:25.940 --> 00:35:28.553 were gonna be running today and tomorrow? 00:35:31.120 --> 00:35:32.740 Yes. 00:35:32.740 --> 00:35:36.233 That's a great segue into some questions. 00:35:38.060 --> 00:35:38.893 Okay. 00:35:38.893 --> 00:35:41.250 So what do you, before we lose you, 00:35:41.250 --> 00:35:42.880 I want to get you on the record on a, 00:35:42.880 --> 00:35:43.868 on a question. 00:35:43.868 --> 00:35:45.620 As an ERCOT Operator. 00:35:45.620 --> 00:35:47.490 That's what everybody on that panel wants to hear. 00:35:47.490 --> 00:35:49.428 Yup. (people laughing) 00:35:49.428 --> 00:35:51.550 You might wanna leave. 00:35:51.550 --> 00:35:54.500 Okay, so in the foreseeable future, I mean, 00:35:54.500 --> 00:35:58.350 we can see this, with a high degree of likelihood 00:35:58.350 --> 00:36:02.193 that it dominant resources in the ERCOT region 00:36:02.193 --> 00:36:04.320 will soon be based on variable 00:36:04.320 --> 00:36:06.060 or intermittent sources of power, 00:36:06.060 --> 00:36:08.940 do you believe that is in the near future? 00:36:08.940 --> 00:36:09.773 Yes. 00:36:09.773 --> 00:36:10.770 Okay. 00:36:10.770 --> 00:36:13.020 Do you believe ERCOT needs a greater degree 00:36:13.020 --> 00:36:16.293 of command and control capabilities to manage reliability? 00:36:17.920 --> 00:36:19.398 Yes. 00:36:19.398 --> 00:36:20.350 Okay so, 00:36:20.350 --> 00:36:22.630 so that's an important premise that all this is, 00:36:22.630 --> 00:36:24.760 is somewhat based on any tools 00:36:24.760 --> 00:36:27.571 that we try to develop to give you 00:36:27.571 --> 00:36:29.500 should be with an eye 00:36:29.500 --> 00:36:32.480 toward enhancing your command and control capability 00:36:32.480 --> 00:36:34.080 to smooth this out. 00:36:34.080 --> 00:36:35.720 Right. 00:36:35.720 --> 00:36:38.450 So how much visibility into the future 00:36:38.450 --> 00:36:39.880 do you need as an operator? 00:36:39.880 --> 00:36:42.600 Do you feel comfortable with, with that, 00:36:42.600 --> 00:36:46.860 with that variable resource mix 00:36:46.860 --> 00:36:48.393 that maybe out there, 00:36:51.280 --> 00:36:54.590 what duration of a planning horizon do you need? 00:36:54.590 --> 00:36:56.970 And that relates to these COPs, you know, 00:36:56.970 --> 00:36:58.820 to know that someone's gonna be there, 00:36:58.820 --> 00:37:01.110 it's gonna be able to perform. 00:37:01.110 --> 00:37:02.920 Well, let me, 00:37:02.920 --> 00:37:04.710 let me make it distinct distinguished 00:37:04.710 --> 00:37:07.440 between renewable generation and dispatchable generation. 00:37:07.440 --> 00:37:09.600 So wind and solar generation, 00:37:09.600 --> 00:37:14.023 their COP data is based on a forecast that we give them. 00:37:15.070 --> 00:37:17.010 So they're putting COP data in telling us 00:37:17.010 --> 00:37:18.030 when they're gonna run 00:37:18.030 --> 00:37:20.233 based on a forecast that we give them. 00:37:21.110 --> 00:37:24.860 And that forecast is based on, you know, wind forecast, 00:37:24.860 --> 00:37:27.200 weather forecast, solar forecast. 00:37:27.200 --> 00:37:31.870 And so those forecast, that COP data is I think 00:37:31.870 --> 00:37:33.950 the only way to improve that COP data 00:37:33.950 --> 00:37:36.333 is to have better <v Will>Forecast. 00:37:36.333 --> 00:37:37.177 Better forecast. 00:37:37.177 --> 00:37:39.970 That's an educated guess, not a guarantee. 00:37:39.970 --> 00:37:41.660 That's right. 00:37:41.660 --> 00:37:43.397 It's a, I mean as, 00:37:43.397 --> 00:37:45.525 and we have improved those forecasts 00:37:45.525 --> 00:37:46.358 over the years. 00:37:46.358 --> 00:37:48.350 Right. But I mean, 00:37:48.350 --> 00:37:50.910 I think there's a limit to how well you can, 00:37:50.910 --> 00:37:53.270 how well you can forecast the wind speed 00:37:53.270 --> 00:37:56.613 at a panhandle wind turbine, three days from now. 00:37:56.613 --> 00:37:59.630 Also note that's ERCOTS responsibility, 00:37:59.630 --> 00:38:03.840 not the generators, but in the current framework. 00:38:03.840 --> 00:38:08.660 Do the generators conduct any of their own forecasting? 00:38:08.660 --> 00:38:10.300 Yes, I'm sure they do. 00:38:10.300 --> 00:38:13.380 And there was a time when they put in their own forecast 00:38:13.380 --> 00:38:14.970 and that was changed a few years ago 00:38:14.970 --> 00:38:17.370 to put in our forecast because there was some, 00:38:17.370 --> 00:38:19.360 there were some problems with that. 00:38:19.360 --> 00:38:21.137 So now, 00:38:21.137 --> 00:38:22.880 Was that like over forecasting 00:38:22.880 --> 00:38:24.140 or under forecasting? 00:38:24.140 --> 00:38:26.040 Typically, over forecasting. 00:38:31.690 --> 00:38:32.523 So yeah, 00:38:32.523 --> 00:38:36.070 on the dispatchable side in terms of an operational, 00:38:36.070 --> 00:38:39.957 you know, timeline up, a look ahead. 00:38:39.957 --> 00:38:41.010 So I think, 00:38:41.010 --> 00:38:42.170 I think one.of the changes that was made 00:38:42.170 --> 00:38:43.410 with the recent legislation 00:38:43.410 --> 00:38:45.590 that helps in this command and control kind of thing 00:38:45.590 --> 00:38:48.053 was the outages, the approval of all outages, 00:38:48.053 --> 00:38:49.750 that was a big step forward. 00:38:49.750 --> 00:38:51.442 And I think that will help. 00:38:51.442 --> 00:38:54.813 We also have our outage evaluation, 00:38:55.733 --> 00:38:59.450 the being able to pull outages or delay outages. 00:38:59.450 --> 00:39:01.510 That process is an important step. 00:39:01.510 --> 00:39:04.390 And we've used that this year and it worked 00:39:06.090 --> 00:39:08.170 that advanced action notice that we put out 00:39:08.170 --> 00:39:12.830 and the ability for the market to voluntarily delay outages 00:39:12.830 --> 00:39:16.560 or bring outages back early, or though that's a, 00:39:16.560 --> 00:39:18.770 that's a powerful tool that we have 00:39:18.770 --> 00:39:20.180 that still allows the market 00:39:20.180 --> 00:39:21.880 to make market-based decisions. 00:39:21.880 --> 00:39:24.803 So those are, those are positive steps in that direction. 00:39:26.920 --> 00:39:27.753 Okay. 00:39:31.480 --> 00:39:33.650 So, I'll let you go on to RUC 00:39:33.650 --> 00:39:35.220 and kind of talk through that concept too. 00:39:35.220 --> 00:39:36.642 So. Okay. 00:39:36.642 --> 00:39:41.460 Yeah, evaluate removing the, the RUC opt out provision, 00:39:41.460 --> 00:39:44.090 potential market change that could have an effect 00:39:44.090 --> 00:39:47.850 on how units commit in the day ahead market. 00:39:47.850 --> 00:39:48.683 Yeah. 00:39:52.710 --> 00:39:55.963 So right now they can opt out, 00:39:57.727 --> 00:39:59.990 and you still have a backstop 00:39:59.990 --> 00:40:03.500 where the described reliability must run. 00:40:03.500 --> 00:40:04.540 And RUC, you know, 00:40:04.540 --> 00:40:06.550 and how these two kind of work together 00:40:06.550 --> 00:40:08.659 as a fail safe mechanism 00:40:08.659 --> 00:40:11.310 for ERCOT command and control currently. 00:40:11.310 --> 00:40:13.910 Well, reliability must run. 00:40:13.910 --> 00:40:15.470 Designation is for a plant 00:40:15.470 --> 00:40:17.050 that wants to leave the system permanently. 00:40:17.050 --> 00:40:18.330 Permanently, right? 00:40:18.330 --> 00:40:20.991 And so if we think that 00:40:20.991 --> 00:40:23.840 if we do some studies that show that that plant leaving 00:40:23.840 --> 00:40:25.310 is gonna leave a hole in the system, 00:40:25.310 --> 00:40:27.133 a reliability issue in the system, 00:40:28.250 --> 00:40:30.000 and maybe some transmission needs to be built 00:40:30.000 --> 00:40:32.000 before that plant can retire. 00:40:32.000 --> 00:40:35.250 Then we may designate them as a reliability must run 00:40:35.250 --> 00:40:37.100 until that transmission can be built, 00:40:37.986 --> 00:40:39.560 there have been times in the past 00:40:39.560 --> 00:40:42.020 when we use that reliability must run designation 00:40:42.020 --> 00:40:43.990 for capacity reasons as well, 00:40:43.990 --> 00:40:46.080 so that you could use it in that. 00:40:46.080 --> 00:40:48.200 But most of those RMR designations 00:40:48.200 --> 00:40:50.570 are primarily for voltage issues. 00:40:50.570 --> 00:40:51.403 Is that right? 00:40:51.403 --> 00:40:54.100 Voltage and transmission issues, yeah right. 00:40:54.100 --> 00:40:54.933 So when ERCOT evaluates 00:40:54.933 --> 00:40:56.120 Not energy capacity issues? 00:40:56.120 --> 00:40:58.499 Not for capacity, no. 00:40:58.499 --> 00:41:00.920 That hasn't been used in a while for capacity, 00:41:00.920 --> 00:41:03.530 but so the most recent RMR examples 00:41:03.530 --> 00:41:05.080 have all been for transmission. 00:41:07.820 --> 00:41:08.705 That addressed my question. 00:41:08.705 --> 00:41:09.770 I just wanted to highlight that you, 00:41:09.770 --> 00:41:11.270 when you evaluate an RMR, 00:41:11.270 --> 00:41:14.580 you mostly evaluate that requests 00:41:14.580 --> 00:41:16.940 from a transmission bird reliability perspective. 00:41:16.940 --> 00:41:18.220 Right, yes. 00:41:18.220 --> 00:41:20.980 So that gets to cost allocation, you know, 00:41:20.980 --> 00:41:22.940 and how you pay for this stuff. 00:41:22.940 --> 00:41:24.110 Right. 00:41:24.110 --> 00:41:27.469 And so RMR incredibly, 00:41:27.469 --> 00:41:30.070 it's viewed as incredibly invasive in the market. 00:41:30.070 --> 00:41:32.903 You know, you're not letting someone leave. 00:41:32.903 --> 00:41:36.223 Some would say nationalizing an entity. 00:41:38.470 --> 00:41:42.850 But so RUC, they can opt out and they can leave. 00:41:42.850 --> 00:41:44.760 What's your default position 00:41:44.760 --> 00:41:47.173 if nobody wants to be RUC? 00:41:48.120 --> 00:41:50.390 Well, they can, they can opt out of running. 00:41:50.390 --> 00:41:54.490 They can opt out of the RUC frame, the RUC option. 00:41:54.490 --> 00:41:56.510 Yeah, so clarify that. 00:41:56.510 --> 00:41:57.770 So, 00:41:57.770 --> 00:42:00.540 if we're looking at tomorrow 00:42:00.540 --> 00:42:04.950 and we don't think there are enough, 00:42:04.950 --> 00:42:08.300 our studies show that there's not a sufficient generation 00:42:08.300 --> 00:42:10.843 to match load and have reserves. 00:42:11.890 --> 00:42:13.220 Then we will RUC a unit, 00:42:13.220 --> 00:42:15.380 reliability unit commitment. 00:42:15.380 --> 00:42:18.093 So we'll require units to run. 00:42:20.090 --> 00:42:22.750 So those units then have the option 00:42:23.900 --> 00:42:26.519 if they take the, 00:42:26.519 --> 00:42:28.350 I need Kanun up here to help me with this, 00:42:28.350 --> 00:42:30.690 but if they take the RUC, 00:42:30.690 --> 00:42:32.863 then they get paid for their costs. 00:42:34.180 --> 00:42:36.750 So they get their operating costs or fuel costs 00:42:38.121 --> 00:42:41.583 they take that if however, 00:42:42.669 --> 00:42:44.760 they can also choose at this point, 00:42:44.760 --> 00:42:47.115 they can choose to opt out of that RUC 00:42:47.115 --> 00:42:51.070 and act like they've been in the market the entire time 00:42:51.070 --> 00:42:53.770 and bid into the market. 00:42:53.770 --> 00:42:56.650 So that's the that's the opt out provision 00:42:56.650 --> 00:42:58.830 is it's a, it's a way for them 00:43:03.104 --> 00:43:06.237 to opt out of, of being required to run, 00:43:06.237 --> 00:43:07.740 they still have to run, 00:43:07.740 --> 00:43:10.040 but they can act like they had bid into the market 00:43:10.040 --> 00:43:10.873 from the beginning. 00:43:10.873 --> 00:43:11.706 That's exactly what it was. 00:43:11.706 --> 00:43:12.930 Yeah, free call option. 00:43:12.930 --> 00:43:14.510 So you can take your cost 00:43:14.510 --> 00:43:18.141 or you can still opt out of the cost only payment 00:43:18.141 --> 00:43:21.318 and have a chance for some profitability. 00:43:21.318 --> 00:43:22.862 Is that fair, Kanun? 00:43:22.862 --> 00:43:25.890 Yes, I mean Woody got it spot on. 00:43:25.890 --> 00:43:27.190 The only thing I would add 00:43:27.190 --> 00:43:29.950 is if you look at the incentives 00:43:29.950 --> 00:43:33.010 and tie this all back to COPs and everything like that, 00:43:33.010 --> 00:43:36.510 the reason why this is being suggested is 00:43:38.780 --> 00:43:41.110 RUC is at cost. 00:43:41.110 --> 00:43:42.380 You know, your costs are made whole, 00:43:42.380 --> 00:43:44.630 but you don't get any of the upside 00:43:45.950 --> 00:43:49.310 by having the ability to buy yourself out. 00:43:49.310 --> 00:43:52.823 You don't necessarily need to show what you're gonna do, 00:43:53.697 --> 00:43:54.730 ERCOT RUCs you. 00:43:54.730 --> 00:43:58.303 And then if there is upside, you buy yourself out. 00:43:59.750 --> 00:44:02.150 And if there is just downside, 00:44:02.150 --> 00:44:04.070 you stick with the RUC. 00:44:04.070 --> 00:44:05.893 That that's the link to the other things 00:44:05.893 --> 00:44:09.580 that we had talked about in terms of incentive structure. 00:44:09.580 --> 00:44:11.550 If you opt out of the RUC, 00:44:11.550 --> 00:44:15.180 does ERCOT still get the value that they wanted 00:44:15.180 --> 00:44:16.468 when you were in RUC? 00:44:16.468 --> 00:44:17.560 Absolutely. 00:44:17.560 --> 00:44:19.860 Because the unit is saying I'll run 00:44:19.860 --> 00:44:24.200 and I'll run at the market prices. 00:44:24.200 --> 00:44:27.070 You don't need to claw back, you know, 00:44:27.070 --> 00:44:30.280 money I make in excess of my cost 00:44:30.280 --> 00:44:31.113 and things like that. 00:44:31.113 --> 00:44:35.922 So RUC is limited on upside return, 00:44:35.922 --> 00:44:37.827 but you don't have any downside. 00:44:37.827 --> 00:44:39.070 Right. 00:44:39.070 --> 00:44:41.050 So the unit runs regardless. 00:44:41.050 --> 00:44:43.670 And that's the goal for ERCOT. 00:44:43.670 --> 00:44:46.380 They want to know that those megawatts will be there. 00:44:46.380 --> 00:44:47.270 But in terms of, 00:44:47.270 --> 00:44:50.370 I think the challenge for Woody and the operators is 00:44:50.370 --> 00:44:51.970 by having the opt out provision, 00:44:51.970 --> 00:44:56.370 a generator removes by staying out of the COP, 00:44:56.370 --> 00:44:59.420 they eliminate their price risk or minimize it 00:44:59.420 --> 00:45:02.170 because they can wait and see, is that fair? 00:45:02.170 --> 00:45:03.210 Exactly. 00:45:03.210 --> 00:45:04.043 That's spot on. 00:45:04.043 --> 00:45:05.585 I mean, the unit is, 00:45:05.585 --> 00:45:09.020 and the owner are doing what ERCOT needs. 00:45:09.020 --> 00:45:14.020 It's just the visibility into what they might do 00:45:14.140 --> 00:45:17.110 going into real time 00:45:17.110 --> 00:45:19.570 is less clear or there's an incentive 00:45:19.570 --> 00:45:22.523 to wait and see what happens. 00:45:23.480 --> 00:45:27.040 Do you often have generators 00:45:27.040 --> 00:45:29.143 that are in the RUC stay in it? 00:45:30.181 --> 00:45:32.130 Or do they always opt out 00:45:32.130 --> 00:45:33.150 to that energy price in the market? 00:45:33.150 --> 00:45:35.300 It completely depends on 00:45:35.300 --> 00:45:37.870 the real time pricing that's happening. 00:45:37.870 --> 00:45:38.703 So, 00:45:40.130 --> 00:45:45.830 if there is, if the expectation is that, 00:45:45.830 --> 00:45:48.460 and in current status 00:45:48.460 --> 00:45:51.300 the real time price is high enough 00:45:51.300 --> 00:45:53.820 that there is a profit for them, 00:45:53.820 --> 00:45:57.800 there's every incentive for them to opt out 00:45:57.800 --> 00:46:00.950 if that price can last long enough, 00:46:00.950 --> 00:46:04.626 if it's pretty clear that that's not gonna happen, 00:46:04.626 --> 00:46:08.810 then you're likely to just take the RUC instruction 00:46:08.810 --> 00:46:12.053 because otherwise you would run it a loss. 00:46:13.190 --> 00:46:14.023 Okay, thanks. 00:46:14.023 --> 00:46:16.460 I know we have a few more minutes left with Woody. 00:46:17.860 --> 00:46:20.200 So improving the resource outage reporting 00:46:20.200 --> 00:46:22.576 and the outage scheduler, I think that's a, 00:46:22.576 --> 00:46:26.490 a major area for we continue to work on 00:46:26.490 --> 00:46:28.330 improving the accuracy of the end times of outages. 00:46:28.330 --> 00:46:31.720 I mean, that's a hard call for generators to say, 00:46:31.720 --> 00:46:35.320 I need two weeks and then it goes longer or go shorter. 00:46:35.320 --> 00:46:36.440 I mean, that's just something 00:46:36.440 --> 00:46:39.251 we'll continue to try to improve. 00:46:39.251 --> 00:46:40.084 Woody, 00:46:40.084 --> 00:46:41.917 does this all fit in to your maintenance presentation 00:46:41.917 --> 00:46:44.110 you provided us at the open meeting, 00:46:44.110 --> 00:46:46.300 how ERCOT's gonna try to provide 00:46:46.300 --> 00:46:49.459 more visibility and transparency into the outage, 00:46:49.459 --> 00:46:51.693 maintenance outage process? 00:46:52.690 --> 00:46:54.250 Yes, yes. 00:46:54.250 --> 00:46:55.900 Yeah, that particular bullet, you know, 00:46:55.900 --> 00:46:58.402 improve the accuracy of the end times of outages. 00:46:58.402 --> 00:47:02.900 That is not exactly in that, but this does, 00:47:02.900 --> 00:47:05.680 this does fit in, in what we talked about earlier. 00:47:07.140 --> 00:47:08.456 Does your council expect 00:47:08.456 --> 00:47:10.360 to be following protocol revisions this fall? 00:47:10.360 --> 00:47:11.193 Yes. Okay. 00:47:11.193 --> 00:47:12.026 Yeah, we sure do. 00:47:12.026 --> 00:47:14.260 And the fact that requiring all the reporting 00:47:14.260 --> 00:47:15.220 of all forced outages, 00:47:15.220 --> 00:47:18.600 that's NPRR1084 that has been filed. 00:47:18.600 --> 00:47:20.130 So that just means in the past, 00:47:20.130 --> 00:47:21.830 if a forced outage was less than two hours, 00:47:21.830 --> 00:47:23.270 it didn't have to be filed. 00:47:23.270 --> 00:47:26.850 And now it does, or if this passes, it will. 00:47:26.850 --> 00:47:28.750 A modification of the 60-day rule 00:47:28.750 --> 00:47:30.210 for outage disclosures 00:47:30.210 --> 00:47:34.580 that's that has been soon to be filed NPRR 00:47:34.580 --> 00:47:38.100 that will this June through September outage report 00:47:38.100 --> 00:47:40.340 that will make that a permanent report. 00:47:40.340 --> 00:47:42.730 So there, those are some changes in those, 00:47:42.730 --> 00:47:44.745 but from a market design standpoint, you know, 00:47:44.745 --> 00:47:47.233 outage reporting is a big, 00:47:48.260 --> 00:47:50.460 we've got to have accurate outage reporting. 00:47:51.582 --> 00:47:54.400 Timely updates to HSLs 00:47:54.400 --> 00:47:56.240 to our high sustainability limits, 00:47:56.240 --> 00:47:58.335 to improve the PRC measurements, 00:47:58.335 --> 00:48:01.295 the physical response capability measurements, 00:48:01.295 --> 00:48:05.853 NPRR1085 has been filed along those lines. 00:48:07.720 --> 00:48:11.080 We did see some PRC issues dUring winter storm Uri. 00:48:11.080 --> 00:48:13.113 So during the frequency event, 00:48:13.950 --> 00:48:14.851 we had a PRC 00:48:14.851 --> 00:48:17.960 that was higher than it should have probably was. 00:48:17.960 --> 00:48:19.730 A reported PRC that was actually higher 00:48:19.730 --> 00:48:21.640 than it probably was. 00:48:21.640 --> 00:48:23.270 And I think part of that was a lag 00:48:23.270 --> 00:48:26.120 in getting those HSLs updated. 00:48:26.120 --> 00:48:28.860 And so NPRR1085, 00:48:28.860 --> 00:48:30.960 is currently in the market participant process. 00:48:30.960 --> 00:48:32.450 They're looking in, debating it. 00:48:32.450 --> 00:48:34.350 I mean, there's a good debate out there 00:48:34.350 --> 00:48:36.740 about a resource operator that 00:48:39.900 --> 00:48:41.890 spends time stabilizing a unit 00:48:41.890 --> 00:48:44.630 that's having problems and then updating the HSL 00:48:44.630 --> 00:48:46.760 or you know, that's their main priority. 00:48:46.760 --> 00:48:50.760 And we would rather have a generator online 00:48:50.760 --> 00:48:51.934 with an inaccurate HSL 00:48:51.934 --> 00:48:55.810 than have a generator offline. 00:48:55.810 --> 00:48:57.122 So we understand that, 00:48:57.122 --> 00:49:00.514 but there still is a need to get that those HSLs updated 00:49:00.514 --> 00:49:02.373 in a more timely manner. 00:49:03.673 --> 00:49:06.560 We've got their winterization requirements. 00:49:06.560 --> 00:49:07.930 Of course, you guys know about that, 00:49:07.930 --> 00:49:11.242 we're working diligently with the BC staff 00:49:11.242 --> 00:49:13.160 on doing that. 00:49:13.160 --> 00:49:15.250 In fact, I've got an interview 00:49:15.250 --> 00:49:18.250 with the Director of winterization right after this. 00:49:18.250 --> 00:49:20.320 So that's why I'm leaving, 00:49:20.320 --> 00:49:21.153 is to do that interview. 00:49:21.153 --> 00:49:22.112 That's important, 00:49:22.112 --> 00:49:24.052 we're gonna make sure you make it there. 00:49:24.052 --> 00:49:25.730 Establish a process 00:49:25.730 --> 00:49:27.991 where ERCOT can obtain proprietary 00:49:27.991 --> 00:49:30.553 and confidential natural gas delivery, 00:49:30.553 --> 00:49:32.700 limitation information. 00:49:32.700 --> 00:49:37.130 I think the mapping process that's going on 00:49:37.130 --> 00:49:39.520 with the gas industry is gonna help us a lot 00:49:39.520 --> 00:49:40.370 in that area. 00:49:40.370 --> 00:49:42.993 So we're looking forward to seeing the results of that. 00:49:44.733 --> 00:49:45.566 And finally, 00:49:45.566 --> 00:49:48.763 for a inverter-based resource concepts, 00:49:52.100 --> 00:49:53.580 require inverter-based resources 00:49:53.580 --> 00:49:56.582 to have additional reliability attributes, 00:49:56.582 --> 00:49:58.610 such as grid-forming capabilities. 00:49:58.610 --> 00:50:00.480 So inverters are changing, 00:50:00.480 --> 00:50:02.210 they're getting better and better. 00:50:02.210 --> 00:50:04.760 And it's important from a market design standpoint, 00:50:05.950 --> 00:50:07.560 and from a reliability standpoint, 00:50:07.560 --> 00:50:11.220 that we continue to require the newest and best requirements 00:50:11.220 --> 00:50:13.343 for inverters. 00:50:14.310 --> 00:50:15.600 The sooner we adopt those, 00:50:15.600 --> 00:50:16.710 and sometimes that may mean 00:50:16.710 --> 00:50:20.360 that you have to change PUC accepted rule and a protocol, 00:50:20.360 --> 00:50:22.350 but it's the sooner we can adopt those rules, 00:50:22.350 --> 00:50:24.212 the less grand following you have to do 00:50:24.212 --> 00:50:27.040 for old inverter standards. 00:50:27.040 --> 00:50:28.010 When you say they're getting better, 00:50:28.010 --> 00:50:31.630 you related to, what does that mean? 00:50:31.630 --> 00:50:32.463 Well they're in 00:50:32.463 --> 00:50:34.690 In terms of they're just synthetic inertia or 00:50:34.690 --> 00:50:36.560 The characteristics of synthetic inertia 00:50:36.560 --> 00:50:38.903 is one the, 00:50:40.050 --> 00:50:41.640 the characteristics of new inverters 00:50:41.640 --> 00:50:44.560 are provide more reliability of the system basically. 00:50:44.560 --> 00:50:46.970 And so as we have a lot of inverter based resources, 00:50:46.970 --> 00:50:48.250 it's important to have good standards 00:50:48.250 --> 00:50:49.820 for what those inverters are. 00:50:49.820 --> 00:50:51.260 And to let people know, 00:50:51.260 --> 00:50:53.460 if you're gonna build an inverter base resource, 00:50:53.460 --> 00:50:56.340 this is the standard you need for the, 00:50:56.340 --> 00:50:57.200 for the inverter. 00:50:57.200 --> 00:50:59.210 And so the faster we get those implemented 00:50:59.210 --> 00:51:00.770 from a reliability standpoint, 00:51:00.770 --> 00:51:03.013 the better off we're gonna be in the long run. 00:51:05.030 --> 00:51:06.830 Improve Resource Outage reporting, 00:51:06.830 --> 00:51:08.350 and the added scheduler once again, 00:51:08.350 --> 00:51:09.820 for that's the same bullet 00:51:09.820 --> 00:51:12.000 as for the dispatchable generation, 00:51:12.000 --> 00:51:15.200 it's not as big a deal for wind and solar 00:51:15.200 --> 00:51:16.150 because a lot of times, 00:51:16.150 --> 00:51:18.580 if you've got a hundred turbines and you take three out, 00:51:18.580 --> 00:51:19.441 it's a derate. 00:51:19.441 --> 00:51:20.850 And you don't take in the whole plan out. 00:51:20.850 --> 00:51:23.159 And so it's a little different game there, 00:51:23.159 --> 00:51:24.760 but it's, 00:51:24.760 --> 00:51:27.570 it's still important to have accurate outages. 00:51:27.570 --> 00:51:29.550 We've got the weatherization requirements 00:51:29.550 --> 00:51:31.022 for wind and solar as well. 00:51:31.022 --> 00:51:34.490 Those are proceeding, and I've got one item here. 00:51:34.490 --> 00:51:36.510 I didn't include in the original list. 00:51:36.510 --> 00:51:38.730 And that was to implement requirements, 00:51:38.730 --> 00:51:41.423 to provide and maintain accurate dynamic models. 00:51:43.690 --> 00:51:45.590 We have a lot of trouble getting good, 00:51:45.590 --> 00:51:47.070 accurate dynamic models. 00:51:47.070 --> 00:51:51.260 And I think wind and solar owners 00:51:51.260 --> 00:51:54.570 also had the same treble from the manufacturers, 00:51:54.570 --> 00:51:58.193 getting those, getting those up-to-date accurate, 00:51:59.910 --> 00:52:00.920 dynamic models. 00:52:00.920 --> 00:52:02.997 And in order for us to do those stability studies, 00:52:02.997 --> 00:52:06.030 we've got to have done good accurate models 00:52:06.030 --> 00:52:08.383 and getting those is a challenge. 00:52:09.340 --> 00:52:10.173 All right, 00:52:10.173 --> 00:52:11.150 thank you Woody. 00:52:11.150 --> 00:52:14.793 Quick of when your remaining time, 00:52:15.800 --> 00:52:19.300 can you expand on the inertia challenge 00:52:19.300 --> 00:52:25.050 and how as we have increasing share of generation 00:52:25.916 --> 00:52:27.640 from inverter based resources, 00:52:27.640 --> 00:52:30.530 how that balances with rotating mass, 00:52:30.530 --> 00:52:32.300 and if we can ever get to a point 00:52:32.300 --> 00:52:34.733 where we don't have rotating mass, 00:52:35.790 --> 00:52:37.910 just based on the physics of it. 00:52:37.910 --> 00:52:39.730 With the current technologies that we have today, 00:52:39.730 --> 00:52:41.220 we'll never get away from that. 00:52:41.220 --> 00:52:42.760 Now, I'm not saying that in the future 00:52:42.760 --> 00:52:44.630 there won't be a time when we can do that. 00:52:44.630 --> 00:52:46.030 And in fact, 00:52:46.030 --> 00:52:47.960 there are some very small grids in different places 00:52:47.960 --> 00:52:49.590 that have gone. 00:52:49.590 --> 00:52:50.850 And why is that? 00:52:50.850 --> 00:52:52.890 Because of the grid forming type inverters 00:52:52.890 --> 00:52:54.260 that they've been able to install. 00:52:54.260 --> 00:52:55.093 No, but why, 00:52:55.093 --> 00:52:56.980 why would we not be able to get away from rotating mass 00:52:56.980 --> 00:52:58.180 with current technology? 00:52:59.520 --> 00:53:01.270 Because we don't have those grid forming inverters 00:53:01.270 --> 00:53:02.110 installed here. 00:53:02.110 --> 00:53:03.681 I guess what is the benefit 00:53:03.681 --> 00:53:05.620 for the public and understand 00:53:05.620 --> 00:53:08.709 why is rotating mass and that inertia required 00:53:08.709 --> 00:53:10.960 for stability? 00:53:10.960 --> 00:53:13.613 So the there's a, 00:53:15.140 --> 00:53:18.500 whenever you have it in balance of grid, 00:53:18.500 --> 00:53:21.990 of generation and load, you lose load, 00:53:21.990 --> 00:53:24.710 or you lose generation, load exceeds generation, 00:53:24.710 --> 00:53:27.780 frequency will decline. 00:53:27.780 --> 00:53:29.070 If you have low inertia 00:53:29.070 --> 00:53:31.540 that frequency declines very quickly. 00:53:31.540 --> 00:53:32.780 If you have higher inertia, 00:53:32.780 --> 00:53:35.100 the frequency will decay less quickly 00:53:35.100 --> 00:53:36.529 and relays and stuff are set 00:53:36.529 --> 00:53:41.055 so that you want that decay and frequency 00:53:41.055 --> 00:53:42.750 to be slow, not fast, 00:53:42.750 --> 00:53:44.931 if you don't have any inertia in the system 00:53:44.931 --> 00:53:47.190 that frequency falls off too quickly. 00:53:47.190 --> 00:53:48.140 So is it, 00:53:50.691 --> 00:53:52.890 I'm gonna put it in simple terms I can understand or trust, 00:53:52.890 --> 00:53:54.230 see if I can get this right. 00:53:54.230 --> 00:53:58.360 Is that the rotating mass provides the inertia 00:53:58.360 --> 00:54:00.940 as large rotating objects, 00:54:00.940 --> 00:54:05.480 provide the inertia a heartbeat if you will, 00:54:05.480 --> 00:54:09.710 of that frequency throughout the grid. 00:54:09.710 --> 00:54:13.480 And as you have fewer and fewer 00:54:14.530 --> 00:54:15.650 pieces of rotating mass, 00:54:15.650 --> 00:54:18.200 that pulse, that heartbeat, gets weaker and weaker. 00:54:19.070 --> 00:54:22.516 And as a frequency 00:54:22.516 --> 00:54:26.220 or gen and load come up and go down, 00:54:26.220 --> 00:54:28.990 it's harder to maintain that frequency 00:54:28.990 --> 00:54:31.090 and without substantial, 00:54:31.090 --> 00:54:33.840 without it sounds like without enough of that inertia, 00:54:33.840 --> 00:54:35.823 that rotating mass inertia, 00:54:36.710 --> 00:54:39.360 you could lose control frequency completely 00:54:39.360 --> 00:54:40.560 at some point down the road. 00:54:40.560 --> 00:54:41.393 Right. 00:54:41.393 --> 00:54:44.179 So that's really the inertia keeps frequency 00:54:44.179 --> 00:54:45.930 from decaying too quickly. 00:54:45.930 --> 00:54:47.570 That's the bottom line. 00:54:47.570 --> 00:54:49.870 And fast decaying frequency in the system 00:54:49.870 --> 00:54:52.619 is dangerous for reliability. 00:54:52.619 --> 00:54:54.860 (crosstalk) 00:54:54.860 --> 00:54:56.390 Causes the whole thing too? 00:54:56.390 --> 00:54:57.530 Right. 00:54:57.530 --> 00:55:00.580 So we have safeguards for frequency going down. 00:55:00.580 --> 00:55:02.630 It takes time for those safeguards to be deployed 00:55:02.630 --> 00:55:04.740 if frequency decays too quickly. 00:55:04.740 --> 00:55:07.570 Those safeguards can't be deployed fast enough. 00:55:07.570 --> 00:55:09.620 So that's why we have a minimum inertia 00:55:09.620 --> 00:55:11.630 that we maintain all the time. 00:55:11.630 --> 00:55:14.843 And if you think about the, you know, 00:55:15.860 --> 00:55:19.260 35,000 megawatts of inverter-based resources we have now 00:55:19.260 --> 00:55:22.400 that don't have any of that grid forming inverter, 00:55:22.400 --> 00:55:24.800 we have those, those are there now. 00:55:24.800 --> 00:55:26.670 That's why I said with the existing technologies 00:55:26.670 --> 00:55:27.920 that we have right now, 00:55:27.920 --> 00:55:30.164 we will have to maintain inertia. 00:55:30.164 --> 00:55:32.230 We'll have to have synchronous generation 00:55:33.200 --> 00:55:36.240 And I was gonna ask the question 00:55:36.240 --> 00:55:38.430 about batteries again, you know, 00:55:38.430 --> 00:55:41.450 synthetic inertia that comes out of these, 00:55:41.450 --> 00:55:42.390 these newer batteries, 00:55:42.390 --> 00:55:44.958 they can solve frequency problems 00:55:44.958 --> 00:55:50.760 in a sub-cycle instance, is that correct? 00:55:50.760 --> 00:55:51.593 In a short term 00:55:51.593 --> 00:55:52.928 And what we're seeing, I mean, 00:55:52.928 --> 00:55:54.030 not everywhere, 00:55:54.030 --> 00:55:57.640 but from where we can see and what we know about, 00:55:57.640 --> 00:56:00.140 you know, these larger batteries that can happen. 00:56:00.140 --> 00:56:00.973 Right. 00:56:00.973 --> 00:56:02.510 Batteries are certainly a useful tool 00:56:02.510 --> 00:56:06.410 for short term frequency problems. 00:56:06.410 --> 00:56:07.510 So is that the thought process 00:56:07.510 --> 00:56:10.250 by creating the fast frequency response service? 00:56:10.250 --> 00:56:11.083 That's right. 00:56:11.083 --> 00:56:12.154 That's the frequency responses for 00:56:12.154 --> 00:56:13.507 That wouldn't replicate inertia 00:56:13.507 --> 00:56:15.222 in the long term. 00:56:15.222 --> 00:56:17.910 There is a longer term inertia issue there. 00:56:17.910 --> 00:56:19.300 Yean, and that's 00:56:20.240 --> 00:56:22.370 but in the longer term you're gonna have, 00:56:22.370 --> 00:56:27.080 if solve the short term sub-cycle frequency issue, 00:56:27.080 --> 00:56:29.700 you'll have other tools at your disposal on a longer term. 00:56:29.700 --> 00:56:30.533 Right. 00:56:32.470 --> 00:56:35.283 In the longer term to resolve that issue, 00:56:36.150 --> 00:56:37.850 is that correct? 00:56:37.850 --> 00:56:39.830 If you have synchronous generation online, 00:56:39.830 --> 00:56:40.877 you will. Correct. 00:56:40.877 --> 00:56:42.930 Well, that's a good point. 00:56:42.930 --> 00:56:44.433 So to follow up, 00:56:46.590 --> 00:56:50.170 you're talking about interconnecting, 00:56:50.170 --> 00:56:53.040 all the the new inverter-based technologies 00:56:53.040 --> 00:56:56.140 that are coming to the system you would require 00:56:56.140 --> 00:56:59.690 the latest technology that helps assist you 00:56:59.690 --> 00:57:00.903 and smoothing this out? 00:57:01.860 --> 00:57:03.770 So there are no requirements today, 00:57:03.770 --> 00:57:04.823 but you're working on it? 00:57:04.823 --> 00:57:06.200 They are, 00:57:06.200 --> 00:57:07.220 we are working on them, 00:57:07.220 --> 00:57:08.560 but there are no requirements today. 00:57:08.560 --> 00:57:10.790 So that's an upcoming change. Right. 00:57:10.790 --> 00:57:14.370 So how do we get at the 35,000 megawatts 00:57:14.370 --> 00:57:17.370 of inverter-based technologies that's already in the ground? 00:57:18.520 --> 00:57:19.700 That's a good question. 00:57:19.700 --> 00:57:21.286 Yeah, no kidding. 00:57:21.286 --> 00:57:23.170 And do we need to think about 00:57:23.170 --> 00:57:25.283 how we maintain, 00:57:27.696 --> 00:57:29.764 even with a financial incentive 00:57:29.764 --> 00:57:32.860 or scheduling protocols, 00:57:32.860 --> 00:57:36.715 to make sure that we at a nodal basis or L&B basis 00:57:36.715 --> 00:57:39.100 don't ever get close to that inflection point 00:57:39.100 --> 00:57:43.110 where the protocols gets too weak. 00:57:43.110 --> 00:57:43.943 You can, 00:57:43.943 --> 00:57:47.580 you can reliably operate the grid with those, 00:57:47.580 --> 00:57:48.490 with those inverters, 00:57:48.490 --> 00:57:51.190 you just have to have synchronous generation go with them. 00:57:51.190 --> 00:57:54.600 So it's not that they pose a reliability issue. 00:57:54.600 --> 00:57:55.433 They just repose. 00:57:55.433 --> 00:57:56.910 They just pose a reliability issue 00:57:56.910 --> 00:57:58.673 if you don't have synchronous generation. 00:57:58.673 --> 00:58:00.383 But what's the ratio? 00:58:02.443 --> 00:58:04.040 That, you know, we have a ratio we run 00:58:04.040 --> 00:58:06.230 every second of the day that we watch. 00:58:06.230 --> 00:58:11.400 So it's 110 gigawatt seconds is the minimum. 00:58:11.400 --> 00:58:15.600 And, you know, yesterday that ratio, 00:58:15.600 --> 00:58:18.970 that number was 350 gigawatt seconds. 00:58:18.970 --> 00:58:20.840 So we're way above it. 00:58:20.840 --> 00:58:23.850 There was a time in the fall of 2020 00:58:23.850 --> 00:58:27.190 when it got down to, you know, 110 or 111, 00:58:27.190 --> 00:58:28.370 something like that. 00:58:28.370 --> 00:58:32.240 So we have reached times when the system load 00:58:32.240 --> 00:58:36.243 is you know, in the 30,000 megawatt range, 00:58:37.390 --> 00:58:39.810 that a lot of that is being supplied by wind 00:58:39.810 --> 00:58:42.700 and solar inverter based resources 00:58:42.700 --> 00:58:44.320 that we have to start paying attention to that, 00:58:44.320 --> 00:58:48.520 we've never had to RUC a unit, a synchronous unit, 00:58:48.520 --> 00:58:50.470 to maintain inertia, 00:58:50.470 --> 00:58:53.097 but we, we monitor it and we watch it 00:58:53.097 --> 00:58:54.810 and we've gotten close. 00:58:54.810 --> 00:58:56.560 We've gotten close once. 00:58:56.560 --> 00:58:58.096 Where we had to start thinking about it, 00:58:58.096 --> 00:59:00.880 but we didn't have, I mean, it didn't, 00:59:00.880 --> 00:59:02.120 we didn't have to. 00:59:02.120 --> 00:59:03.700 Would you say that that possibility 00:59:03.700 --> 00:59:05.060 could increase in the future 00:59:05.060 --> 00:59:08.150 as we have more wind and even more solar 00:59:08.150 --> 00:59:09.430 coming onto the system? 00:59:09.430 --> 00:59:10.263 Certainly. 00:59:10.263 --> 00:59:13.357 Like the duck curve situation in California 00:59:13.357 --> 00:59:16.410 does that translate into what you're addressing right now? 00:59:16.410 --> 00:59:18.140 Because you have wind, I'm sorry, not wind, 00:59:18.140 --> 00:59:20.910 but load coming off the system towards the evening. 00:59:20.910 --> 00:59:21.743 Well. 00:59:23.671 --> 00:59:26.100 It's, well, when the solar drops off, 00:59:26.100 --> 00:59:28.750 it's not as big of an issue as one that's on. 00:59:28.750 --> 00:59:31.507 So it'd beat the back of a duck, I guess, 00:59:31.507 --> 00:59:32.853 if you wanna use that. 00:59:33.790 --> 00:59:35.802 But certainly as you, 00:59:35.802 --> 00:59:40.370 as the ratio of inverter base to synchronous generation 00:59:40.370 --> 00:59:43.830 is that changes you can expect that inertia value 00:59:43.830 --> 00:59:45.990 to continue to change as well. 00:59:45.990 --> 00:59:48.297 Are there transmission related solutions 00:59:48.297 --> 00:59:51.510 that could help between the balance there? 00:59:56.460 --> 00:59:57.550 Very limited. 00:59:57.550 --> 00:59:58.970 There are a couple of things you can do, 00:59:58.970 --> 01:00:00.150 but it's very, very limited. 01:00:00.150 --> 01:00:02.563 It's not a system wide fix. 01:00:04.660 --> 01:00:06.170 All right. Thank you, Woody. 01:00:06.170 --> 01:00:07.620 We've kept you three minutes over. 01:00:07.620 --> 01:00:09.193 Oh, thank you. 01:00:09.193 --> 01:00:10.800 You better make that interview. 01:00:10.800 --> 01:00:12.423 It's important. 01:00:12.423 --> 01:00:13.757 Thanks, Kanun. 01:00:15.140 --> 01:00:16.590 Barbara, welcome. 01:00:16.590 --> 01:00:17.423 Thank you. 01:00:17.423 --> 01:00:19.032 The floor is yours. 01:00:19.032 --> 01:00:20.830 I'm really here today 01:00:20.830 --> 01:00:23.370 to kind of bring us back up to maybe, 01:00:23.370 --> 01:00:24.930 well, not really 30,000 feet, 01:00:24.930 --> 01:00:26.950 but an introduction to what's going on 01:00:26.950 --> 01:00:30.200 in the rest of the markets, how ERCOT is similar, 01:00:30.200 --> 01:00:31.290 how ERCOT is different. 01:00:31.290 --> 01:00:32.751 And we'll kind of get into some details on, 01:00:32.751 --> 01:00:36.600 on just market design principles In general. 01:00:36.600 --> 01:00:38.860 If we can go to the first slide, 01:00:38.860 --> 01:00:42.226 CES covers all of the North American markets 01:00:42.226 --> 01:00:43.570 including Mexico, 01:00:43.570 --> 01:00:46.430 I'm not really gonna talk about Mexico today. 01:00:46.430 --> 01:00:48.060 You might know that their market reform 01:00:48.060 --> 01:00:51.356 has cratered under the current administration 01:00:51.356 --> 01:00:53.070 in Mexico. 01:00:53.070 --> 01:00:55.610 So they, that market design elements 01:00:55.610 --> 01:00:57.590 really haven't been implemented there, 01:00:57.590 --> 01:01:00.160 but we do look at all of the other North American markets, 01:01:00.160 --> 01:01:03.310 and I've included details on their market designs 01:01:03.310 --> 01:01:05.980 in this report and we'll talk a little bit about those 01:01:05.980 --> 01:01:08.320 and how ERCOT differs, and then really, you know, 01:01:08.320 --> 01:01:09.720 I think this should be interactive 01:01:09.720 --> 01:01:13.027 and linking sort of talk about how differences 01:01:13.027 --> 01:01:14.460 and what the nuances are. 01:01:14.460 --> 01:01:16.090 Next slide. 01:01:16.090 --> 01:01:17.840 So, I first wanna kind of 01:01:17.840 --> 01:01:20.670 just get into the fundamentals of market. 01:01:20.670 --> 01:01:22.720 Electricity is an unusual commodity 01:01:22.720 --> 01:01:25.957 and that it's instantaneously produced and consumed. 01:01:25.957 --> 01:01:29.269 We don't have a lot of storage in ERCOT yet. 01:01:29.269 --> 01:01:31.930 We are not a region with a lot of pump storage 01:01:31.930 --> 01:01:33.770 or any other optionality 01:01:35.724 --> 01:01:37.730 on the hydro side. 01:01:37.730 --> 01:01:39.280 So we really are looking at 01:01:39.280 --> 01:01:42.030 kind of a keeping a system perfectly in balance. 01:01:42.030 --> 01:01:44.467 And we also are looking at keeping markets 01:01:44.467 --> 01:01:47.260 and reliability in balance. 01:01:47.260 --> 01:01:50.060 And that means you don't want too much action 01:01:50.060 --> 01:01:51.074 on the reliability side, 01:01:51.074 --> 01:01:53.481 where out of market activities are happening 01:01:53.481 --> 01:01:57.960 and you don't want the markets to work in such a way 01:01:57.960 --> 01:01:59.980 that you compromise reliability. 01:01:59.980 --> 01:02:02.830 So you're always trying to keep those in balance. 01:02:02.830 --> 01:02:05.800 The markets in ERCOT are voluntary markets. 01:02:05.800 --> 01:02:08.230 They are dispatched on an economic basis 01:02:08.230 --> 01:02:11.330 now that's security constraint economic basis. 01:02:11.330 --> 01:02:13.450 So the security constraint part 01:02:13.450 --> 01:02:15.323 is the reliability part that make sure 01:02:15.323 --> 01:02:17.903 that the grid security is always in check. 01:02:17.903 --> 01:02:21.210 When units are dispatched, 01:02:21.210 --> 01:02:23.820 that market side is based on offers and bids. 01:02:23.820 --> 01:02:26.560 So you have willing buyers and willing sellers 01:02:26.560 --> 01:02:29.440 in the market that are, have their prices. 01:02:29.440 --> 01:02:30.960 They have bids and offers in the market 01:02:30.960 --> 01:02:32.970 and they're sophisticated buyers and sellers. 01:02:32.970 --> 01:02:35.700 This is not a market that typically, you know, 01:02:35.700 --> 01:02:38.820 we're looking at unsophisticated buyers and sellers. 01:02:38.820 --> 01:02:39.950 Occasionally we have people 01:02:39.950 --> 01:02:41.560 who don't understand the market rules, 01:02:41.560 --> 01:02:43.460 but for the most part, 01:02:43.460 --> 01:02:45.813 it's a very sophisticated market. 01:02:45.813 --> 01:02:49.190 On the other side, the reliability construct, 01:02:49.190 --> 01:02:51.320 it's a mandatory construct. 01:02:51.320 --> 01:02:54.240 It's what he was spending most of his time talking about. 01:02:54.240 --> 01:02:56.210 It's things where you don't wanna void, 01:02:56.210 --> 01:02:57.480 cascading outages. 01:02:57.480 --> 01:03:00.420 You want to ensure that the system is stable. 01:03:00.420 --> 01:03:03.140 You're looking at voltage, frequency, inertia, 01:03:03.140 --> 01:03:05.250 all of those things are critically important. 01:03:05.250 --> 01:03:08.260 And that's a mandatory construct. 01:03:08.260 --> 01:03:09.874 They're relatively cost agnostic 01:03:09.874 --> 01:03:12.011 on the reliability side. 01:03:12.011 --> 01:03:14.493 Now, obviously ERCOT is not, you know, 01:03:16.760 --> 01:03:18.970 not thinking about costs when they do things. 01:03:18.970 --> 01:03:21.180 But for the purposes of reliability, 01:03:21.180 --> 01:03:23.880 you're really not looking at a market type construct. 01:03:23.880 --> 01:03:25.290 They're looking at supply and demand 01:03:25.290 --> 01:03:26.620 versus bids and offers. 01:03:26.620 --> 01:03:29.090 So they're looking at keeping that supply and demand 01:03:29.090 --> 01:03:31.650 as well as reserves all in check. 01:03:31.650 --> 01:03:32.670 And they're really looking at it 01:03:32.670 --> 01:03:34.420 from an operational perspective 01:03:34.420 --> 01:03:36.582 versus a market perspective. 01:03:36.582 --> 01:03:38.250 And when it's in balance, 01:03:38.250 --> 01:03:41.640 you kind of get to this economically optimal model 01:03:41.640 --> 01:03:42.675 and in ERCOT that 01:03:42.675 --> 01:03:46.770 that's really how we kind of develop our reserves. 01:03:46.770 --> 01:03:48.183 That's not the way reserves, 01:03:49.040 --> 01:03:50.910 planning reserves are developed in other markets. 01:03:50.910 --> 01:03:53.100 Other markets have a different construct, 01:03:53.100 --> 01:03:54.870 but at under the energy only model, 01:03:54.870 --> 01:03:57.930 we really do kind of balance that reliability and markets 01:03:57.930 --> 01:04:01.180 to come to an economically optimal outcome. 01:04:01.180 --> 01:04:02.910 And that gives us our resource adequacy. 01:04:02.910 --> 01:04:04.420 So let's go to the next slide. 01:04:04.420 --> 01:04:05.253 So what happened? 01:04:05.253 --> 01:04:07.060 What happened in February? 01:04:07.060 --> 01:04:11.534 Well, in February we saw snow and ice and cold 01:04:11.534 --> 01:04:15.530 and extremely dramatic weather conditions. 01:04:15.530 --> 01:04:17.888 It was not a market issue. 01:04:17.888 --> 01:04:21.690 There were market outcomes because of the issues, 01:04:21.690 --> 01:04:25.513 but it was a reliability event driven by weather. 01:04:26.920 --> 01:04:28.910 And that led to high costs in the market 01:04:28.910 --> 01:04:30.700 that you have spent the last three days. 01:04:30.700 --> 01:04:33.340 I think Commissioner Lake, you got the buy, 01:04:33.340 --> 01:04:35.753 which I'm sure your colleagues are a little jealous. 01:04:35.753 --> 01:04:36.586 I would never call it that. 01:04:36.586 --> 01:04:38.042 (people laughing) 01:04:38.042 --> 01:04:40.589 Yeah, he's fresh. 01:04:40.589 --> 01:04:42.040 But yes, 01:04:42.040 --> 01:04:45.180 you get high costs and low operating reserves. 01:04:45.180 --> 01:04:47.560 That's an event you don't ever wanna happen. 01:04:47.560 --> 01:04:49.150 And that was event that frankly, 01:04:49.150 --> 01:04:51.370 the market could not cure. 01:04:51.370 --> 01:04:52.630 And we saw that. 01:04:52.630 --> 01:04:55.400 We saw that in February, we have not seen 01:04:56.670 --> 01:04:58.960 many of those types of events 01:04:58.960 --> 01:05:01.680 across even North America where, you know, 01:05:01.680 --> 01:05:04.710 you cannot fix something through either market 01:05:04.710 --> 01:05:06.580 or at least reliability dispatch. 01:05:06.580 --> 01:05:08.441 So it was a really unique situation. 01:05:08.441 --> 01:05:13.270 I will credit ERCOT in the fact that we did not end up in a, 01:05:13.270 --> 01:05:15.741 you know, cascading outage situation. 01:05:15.741 --> 01:05:19.780 So, you know, it was a terrible event, 01:05:19.780 --> 01:05:24.353 but the imagining what would have happened had we cascaded, 01:05:25.570 --> 01:05:29.030 would have been, you know, just devastating for the State. 01:05:29.030 --> 01:05:31.853 So, go to the next slide. 01:05:33.520 --> 01:05:36.719 So that kind of led to where we are today. 01:05:36.719 --> 01:05:38.524 (Barbara chuckles) 01:05:38.524 --> 01:05:40.128 For good reason. 01:05:40.128 --> 01:05:41.750 You know, 01:05:41.750 --> 01:05:44.620 the pendulum shifts a little bit when you have a, 01:05:44.620 --> 01:05:47.440 have a major event in any market. 01:05:47.440 --> 01:05:50.260 And we always like to say that sort of, 01:05:50.260 --> 01:05:53.040 it's always a push and pull between the reliability folks 01:05:53.040 --> 01:05:54.160 and the market folks on, 01:05:54.160 --> 01:05:56.620 on what the best outcomes are. 01:05:56.620 --> 01:05:59.140 And after a emergency event, 01:05:59.140 --> 01:06:02.200 you often see kind of the operational side, 01:06:02.200 --> 01:06:04.732 there would be the reliability side, 01:06:04.732 --> 01:06:07.529 kind of weigh a little bit more 01:06:07.529 --> 01:06:09.230 in what they're doing. 01:06:09.230 --> 01:06:11.480 And we see more out of market activities. 01:06:11.480 --> 01:06:14.855 So we're seeing more reliability unit commitments 01:06:14.855 --> 01:06:17.649 this summer than we have in any other summer, 01:06:17.649 --> 01:06:21.363 despite the fact that it's actually been unseasonably cool. 01:06:22.320 --> 01:06:25.800 We're seeing more ancillary services being purchased, 01:06:25.800 --> 01:06:28.910 all of those with good reason 01:06:28.910 --> 01:06:31.970 because of concerns around grid security. 01:06:31.970 --> 01:06:36.850 But at some point we want to get that pendulum back in order 01:06:36.850 --> 01:06:41.030 and determine kind of what that longterm planning horizon 01:06:41.030 --> 01:06:44.762 is gonna look like, what the market wants 01:06:44.762 --> 01:06:47.960 as far as kind of that system stability. 01:06:47.960 --> 01:06:52.210 And then we'll get that resource adequacy back in check. 01:06:52.210 --> 01:06:53.043 Next slide. 01:06:55.560 --> 01:06:57.870 So you guys aren't alone. 01:06:57.870 --> 01:07:02.870 This list was developed in 2000 or in 2018 01:07:04.260 --> 01:07:06.523 for a slide presentation I did 01:07:06.523 --> 01:07:08.773 for the Gulf Coast Power Association. 01:07:09.810 --> 01:07:13.230 And all of the RTOs are facing very similar issues 01:07:13.230 --> 01:07:15.810 to what ERCOT is facing. 01:07:15.810 --> 01:07:17.920 This is not new, and there's a lot to be learned 01:07:17.920 --> 01:07:20.608 from what the other RTOs/ISOs are doing. 01:07:20.608 --> 01:07:22.680 Most are facing challenges 01:07:22.680 --> 01:07:24.483 with higher renewable penetrations 01:07:24.483 --> 01:07:26.190 and looking at their markets 01:07:26.190 --> 01:07:28.770 as they see higher renewable penetration, 01:07:28.770 --> 01:07:30.530 they're seeking market based solutions 01:07:30.530 --> 01:07:32.256 to incentivize flexible generation 01:07:32.256 --> 01:07:35.240 to balance the system 01:07:35.240 --> 01:07:38.653 as it brings in more of that variable energy. 01:07:39.590 --> 01:07:42.390 They're looking at required, 01:07:42.390 --> 01:07:46.010 and expensive potentially, new transmission investment 01:07:46.010 --> 01:07:49.463 to link wind and renewable resources into the grid. 01:07:49.463 --> 01:07:52.360 Also transmission necessary for congestion 01:07:52.360 --> 01:07:53.490 and other things, 01:07:53.490 --> 01:07:56.383 but significant new transmission investment. 01:07:57.810 --> 01:07:59.530 Not so much here in Texas, 01:07:59.530 --> 01:08:02.528 because we're a single state RTO, but you know, 01:08:02.528 --> 01:08:06.620 the RTOs are looking to balance state 01:08:06.620 --> 01:08:10.390 and other policies that are extra market. 01:08:10.390 --> 01:08:11.470 Here you know, 01:08:11.470 --> 01:08:13.720 the best example is probably the ITC 01:08:13.720 --> 01:08:15.870 being an example of kind of something 01:08:15.870 --> 01:08:20.840 that bolsters certain investments over others 01:08:20.840 --> 01:08:23.440 and might lead to, you know, more of those, 01:08:23.440 --> 01:08:25.670 those renewables being built than others. 01:08:25.670 --> 01:08:28.960 But you know, there's a lot of local policies 01:08:28.960 --> 01:08:32.060 that do influence how markets react. 01:08:32.060 --> 01:08:33.710 And then finally, and this again, 01:08:33.710 --> 01:08:36.210 this list was developed in 2018 01:08:36.210 --> 01:08:37.600 and I kept it that way, 01:08:37.600 --> 01:08:39.300 but addressing field security 01:08:39.300 --> 01:08:43.490 and concerns related to winter events and other events, 01:08:43.490 --> 01:08:47.290 we have been in the Northeast talking about this 01:08:47.290 --> 01:08:50.806 for the last, you know, decade really 01:08:50.806 --> 01:08:53.412 following several different winter events, 01:08:53.412 --> 01:08:55.670 New England suffers from sort of 01:08:55.670 --> 01:08:57.310 being at the end of the pipeline 01:08:57.310 --> 01:09:01.700 and often have fuel security concerns throughout the winter. 01:09:01.700 --> 01:09:03.470 So there's a lot to be learned 01:09:03.470 --> 01:09:05.340 from those other markets on what they're doing 01:09:05.340 --> 01:09:07.500 with regards to coordinate good coordination 01:09:07.500 --> 01:09:12.160 between the pipeline companies and the energy providers 01:09:12.160 --> 01:09:16.263 to ensure reliability during those times of constraint. 01:09:17.730 --> 01:09:20.570 So this slide is a doozy, 01:09:20.570 --> 01:09:22.670 and I appreciate that when you look at it, 01:09:23.560 --> 01:09:25.820 but I wanted to have all the markets together 01:09:25.820 --> 01:09:28.130 so that we can have a fulsome conversation 01:09:28.130 --> 01:09:31.410 about each market together. 01:09:31.410 --> 01:09:32.680 And I'm just gonna kind of run down 01:09:32.680 --> 01:09:37.070 on the left-hand side each of the market types 01:09:37.070 --> 01:09:40.120 and elements, and kind of talk a little bit about 01:09:40.120 --> 01:09:42.020 what each of the markets are doing. 01:09:42.020 --> 01:09:44.400 So the first one is a centralized capacity market. 01:09:44.400 --> 01:09:46.600 There are centralized capacity markets 01:09:46.600 --> 01:09:52.820 and all but two markets in some way shape or form, 01:09:52.820 --> 01:09:56.660 California has a supply side obligate 01:09:56.660 --> 01:09:57.985 or a load side obligation 01:09:57.985 --> 01:10:01.700 on their largest utilities 01:10:01.700 --> 01:10:03.420 and load serving entities. 01:10:03.420 --> 01:10:07.830 So they require them to maintain a certain number amount 01:10:07.830 --> 01:10:11.623 of reserves and contract for their supply. 01:10:13.070 --> 01:10:14.820 In the other RTOs, 01:10:14.820 --> 01:10:16.880 we see the Ontario is just developing 01:10:16.880 --> 01:10:19.290 a forward capacity market 01:10:19.290 --> 01:10:21.630 isn't incremental forward capacity market. 01:10:21.630 --> 01:10:25.030 It is looking at new investments 01:10:25.030 --> 01:10:28.190 rather than writing capacity payments 01:10:28.190 --> 01:10:29.690 to existing generation. 01:10:29.690 --> 01:10:32.320 And then all of the Northeast markets, 01:10:32.320 --> 01:10:35.977 as well as MISO have forward capacity markets 01:10:35.977 --> 01:10:39.640 and SPP has obligations on the utilities, 01:10:39.640 --> 01:10:43.800 so that utilities are required to maintain their reserves 01:10:43.800 --> 01:10:46.110 and contract for their reserves. 01:10:46.110 --> 01:10:49.720 So, it's only Alberta and ERCOT 01:10:51.270 --> 01:10:53.800 that don't have forward capacity market. 01:10:53.800 --> 01:10:56.060 That means that we are energy only markets 01:10:56.060 --> 01:10:58.370 and you know it is a difference 01:10:58.370 --> 01:11:02.820 and it does drive to what Brattle has looked at, 01:11:02.820 --> 01:11:05.720 which is the economically optimal model, 01:11:05.720 --> 01:11:09.460 which means at times you are going to have scarcity events. 01:11:09.460 --> 01:11:10.920 In fact, that's where, you know, 01:11:10.920 --> 01:11:12.620 generators make their revenues 01:11:12.620 --> 01:11:15.200 in order make new investments. 01:11:15.200 --> 01:11:18.670 So the scarcity events are somewhat required 01:11:18.670 --> 01:11:21.623 under the construct that ERCOT has. 01:11:22.470 --> 01:11:25.220 We certainly don't wanna see events like February, 01:11:25.220 --> 01:11:28.370 but you know, sub small price excursions 01:11:28.370 --> 01:11:30.320 when there are shortages in the market 01:11:30.320 --> 01:11:33.100 are really what drive revenues for generators 01:11:33.100 --> 01:11:35.050 and drive investment in the future. 01:11:35.050 --> 01:11:36.230 And those forward curves 01:11:36.230 --> 01:11:38.030 that you were talking about earlier. 01:11:39.040 --> 01:11:42.940 The next contract is a day ahead market. 01:11:42.940 --> 01:11:46.173 Most of the markets have day ahead markets. 01:11:49.263 --> 01:11:52.390 Canadian markets are just developing day ahead markets, 01:11:52.390 --> 01:11:55.633 but all of the US markets have day ahead markets. 01:11:56.610 --> 01:11:58.523 Financial Transmission Rights, 01:12:00.320 --> 01:12:04.990 pretty standard offerings in all of the markets. 01:12:04.990 --> 01:12:06.150 Offline Reserve Market, 01:12:06.150 --> 01:12:08.860 that's your non-spinning reserve service 01:12:08.860 --> 01:12:09.693 in all markets. 01:12:09.693 --> 01:12:11.570 And that is actually a NERC requirement 01:12:11.570 --> 01:12:14.630 to have an offline reserve product. 01:12:14.630 --> 01:12:17.926 The next one is one that I, you know, 01:12:17.926 --> 01:12:21.200 we should talk about and that's a ramping market 01:12:21.200 --> 01:12:24.770 that has been introduced in MISO and in California, 01:12:24.770 --> 01:12:28.380 as they have seen new remote renewables in their markets 01:12:28.380 --> 01:12:31.280 and having an ancillary service ramping product 01:12:31.280 --> 01:12:32.650 in the market, first of all, 01:12:32.650 --> 01:12:35.040 provide some of those incentives that we've been looking for 01:12:35.040 --> 01:12:36.870 for flexible generation. 01:12:36.870 --> 01:12:39.770 So the flexible generation that exists in the market 01:12:39.770 --> 01:12:41.750 as well as potentially new flexible generation, 01:12:41.750 --> 01:12:43.678 as we start to see some of that, 01:12:43.678 --> 01:12:45.460 that pricing in the market. 01:12:45.460 --> 01:12:48.680 And there's transparency for investors 01:12:48.680 --> 01:12:51.800 to know whether or not they can earn in that market. 01:12:51.800 --> 01:12:55.520 But a ramping product would help with those times 01:12:55.520 --> 01:12:57.073 when solar is coming down, 01:12:57.073 --> 01:13:00.012 when coming up in the mornings and evenings. 01:13:00.012 --> 01:13:03.240 So it's certainly a product that is something 01:13:03.240 --> 01:13:05.990 that we should be looking at in the ERCOT Market, 01:13:05.990 --> 01:13:07.147 given the amount of renewables 01:13:07.147 --> 01:13:08.723 that have in the market. 01:13:09.570 --> 01:13:13.500 Real-time market, everybody has real-time markets. 01:13:13.500 --> 01:13:16.090 In fact, it's you know, 01:13:16.090 --> 01:13:19.140 it's really where the actual transactions 01:13:19.140 --> 01:13:22.933 between the conversion of energy happens. 01:13:24.500 --> 01:13:26.720 Regulation markets are required, 01:13:26.720 --> 01:13:30.770 and some of them are contracted service, 01:13:30.770 --> 01:13:33.490 and some of them are in the real-time market only, 01:13:33.490 --> 01:13:35.170 and not in the day ahead market. 01:13:35.170 --> 01:13:36.240 And we can talk a little bit 01:13:36.240 --> 01:13:39.140 about how those transactions happen 01:13:40.872 --> 01:13:42.807 and then synchronous reserve markets, 01:13:42.807 --> 01:13:46.283 we obviously have a synchronous reserve market. 01:13:47.650 --> 01:13:49.732 So getting into market pricing. 01:13:49.732 --> 01:13:51.418 So before you move on, 01:13:51.418 --> 01:13:52.251 Yeah, sure. 01:13:52.251 --> 01:13:53.330 if we could ask questions 01:13:53.330 --> 01:13:54.860 Absolutely. 01:13:54.860 --> 01:13:56.510 Physical day-ahead markets. 01:13:56.510 --> 01:13:57.343 Yep. 01:13:57.343 --> 01:13:58.176 Okay. 01:13:58.176 --> 01:13:59.190 Who has those? 01:13:59.190 --> 01:14:01.370 So the markets that have forward capacity markets 01:14:01.370 --> 01:14:03.434 to have forward obligations 01:14:03.434 --> 01:14:05.213 All of them? 01:14:06.400 --> 01:14:08.800 So New England does not. 01:14:08.800 --> 01:14:12.390 New England has a must offer requirement in the real-time, 01:14:12.390 --> 01:14:14.913 but no must offer in the day ahead market. 01:14:16.070 --> 01:14:18.850 But the other markets with forward capacity markets 01:14:18.850 --> 01:14:21.360 do have a day-ahead offer obligation. 01:14:21.360 --> 01:14:23.583 There are not day-ahead obligations in the markets 01:14:23.583 --> 01:14:26.480 that do not have a capacity markets. 01:14:26.480 --> 01:14:27.720 Do you happen to know what the 01:14:27.720 --> 01:14:30.190 system wide offer cap is in Alberta? 01:14:30.190 --> 01:14:31.520 Do they have a system wide offer cap? 01:14:31.520 --> 01:14:34.110 Yeah, their offer cap is a 2000. 01:14:34.110 --> 01:14:35.010 Okay. 2000 appears to be 01:14:35.010 --> 01:14:37.379 Oh wait, wait, 1000 pardon me. 01:14:37.379 --> 01:14:38.570 Pardon me, 1000. 1000, 2000, 01:14:38.570 --> 01:14:40.840 kind of appears to be universal range. 01:14:40.840 --> 01:14:41.990 Is that accurate? 01:14:41.990 --> 01:14:43.211 Yeah, one to two, 01:14:43.211 --> 01:14:47.240 so the FERC went through a market pricing rule, 01:14:47.240 --> 01:14:48.870 a scarcity pricing rule 01:14:48.870 --> 01:14:52.440 that many of the markets now 01:14:52.440 --> 01:14:56.267 have a verifiable option above a thousand dollars 01:14:56.267 --> 01:14:58.750 that can go up to $2,000 01:14:58.750 --> 01:15:00.623 and then they'll have shadow prices 01:15:00.623 --> 01:15:03.560 that would actually take the potential market prices higher, 01:15:03.560 --> 01:15:06.705 but the, the offer cap is a thousand dollars 01:15:06.705 --> 01:15:11.340 or verifiable costs up to $2,000 in most of the markets. 01:15:11.340 --> 01:15:13.200 And there's some nuances there, 01:15:13.200 --> 01:15:14.400 there's some differences there, 01:15:14.400 --> 01:15:19.060 but for example, SPP, you can offer up to, you know, 01:15:19.060 --> 01:15:20.210 you can offer whatever you want, 01:15:20.210 --> 01:15:24.180 as long as you can verify it, but you know. 01:15:24.180 --> 01:15:27.180 How unique are we in this spectrum? 01:15:27.180 --> 01:15:29.713 And you might get to it. 01:15:32.620 --> 01:15:34.870 The ORDC Paradigm. 01:15:34.870 --> 01:15:36.970 Operating Reserve Demand Curve. 01:15:36.970 --> 01:15:37.803 So, 01:15:39.140 --> 01:15:42.666 there are penalty curves in most of the markets, 01:15:42.666 --> 01:15:46.290 similar to the operating reserve demand curve, 01:15:46.290 --> 01:15:47.960 they're administrative curves, 01:15:47.960 --> 01:15:48.860 they have penalty factors, 01:15:48.860 --> 01:15:51.230 and they're based on the probability 01:15:51.230 --> 01:15:53.012 of loss of load probability 01:15:53.012 --> 01:15:55.000 and the value of loss load. 01:15:55.000 --> 01:15:56.750 So similar constructs 01:15:57.760 --> 01:16:02.590 and PJM is introducing starting in May of 2022, 01:16:02.590 --> 01:16:04.110 an operating reserve demand curve 01:16:04.110 --> 01:16:06.373 that actually goes up to $14,000. 01:16:07.240 --> 01:16:08.477 Wow. Yes. 01:16:08.477 --> 01:16:09.923 That's expensive. 01:16:09.923 --> 01:16:11.814 And a capacity payment? 01:16:11.814 --> 01:16:13.500 And a capacity payment. 01:16:13.500 --> 01:16:15.823 Wow. Yeah. 01:16:21.130 --> 01:16:22.308 Neat, for them. 01:16:22.308 --> 01:16:23.852 (people laughing) 01:16:23.852 --> 01:16:25.393 I wouldn't want to be paying electric bills. 01:16:25.393 --> 01:16:26.476 Me neither. 01:16:27.445 --> 01:16:28.880 You know, 01:16:28.880 --> 01:16:31.320 we will be monitoring it as it gets implemented to see, 01:16:31.320 --> 01:16:34.680 you know, what impact it really has on real-time prices. 01:16:34.680 --> 01:16:36.730 My expectation is it's gonna be, you know, 01:16:36.730 --> 01:16:40.584 pretty limited amount of events 01:16:40.584 --> 01:16:43.430 would get to anywhere near that price, but it does. 01:16:43.430 --> 01:16:46.255 It's a longer curve. 01:16:46.255 --> 01:16:48.680 And then when there's been a lot of comments in, 01:16:48.680 --> 01:16:51.260 in this docket talking about, you know, 01:16:51.260 --> 01:16:54.240 changing the slope of the curve 01:16:54.240 --> 01:16:57.410 and the PJM curve although it does have that high cap, 01:16:57.410 --> 01:16:59.350 it takes a little longer to get there. So. 01:16:59.350 --> 01:17:00.930 So if they get into a big blizzard, 01:17:00.930 --> 01:17:03.990 which they're accustomed to having in those areas 01:17:03.990 --> 01:17:05.480 and a lot of freeze, 01:17:05.480 --> 01:17:08.243 could they stay at 14,000 for awhile under that model? 01:17:10.149 --> 01:17:11.060 They could. 01:17:11.060 --> 01:17:12.897 Wow. They could. 01:17:12.897 --> 01:17:15.710 Typically they handle those reasons a little better 01:17:15.710 --> 01:17:17.053 than Texas does. 01:17:17.930 --> 01:17:20.210 So typically those events are, you know, 01:17:20.210 --> 01:17:22.120 they do have those types of events. 01:17:22.120 --> 01:17:25.030 They have fuels security type events, 01:17:25.030 --> 01:17:29.530 but typically they resolve a little better 01:17:29.530 --> 01:17:31.010 than we've had experience. 01:17:31.010 --> 01:17:31.843 But obviously, 01:17:32.724 --> 01:17:34.080 they both the NERC 01:17:34.080 --> 01:17:37.250 has changed their weatherization requirements 01:17:37.250 --> 01:17:38.100 for power plants. 01:17:38.100 --> 01:17:41.720 There's been new NERC requirements put in place. 01:17:41.720 --> 01:17:44.100 And all of the Northeast markets have really been 01:17:44.100 --> 01:17:46.948 spending a lot of time on fuel security issues 01:17:46.948 --> 01:17:49.660 as it relates, especially the you know, 01:17:49.660 --> 01:17:52.770 as it relates to capacity that is getting a capacity payment 01:17:52.770 --> 01:17:55.230 and ensUring that there's a fuel security for those 01:17:55.230 --> 01:17:56.860 those units that have, 01:17:56.860 --> 01:17:59.230 that are making those commitments into the market. 01:17:59.230 --> 01:18:01.450 That's part of the paradox, right? 01:18:01.450 --> 01:18:06.160 Like the whether it's 2,000 or 9,000 or 14,000 01:18:06.160 --> 01:18:07.930 from a reliability standpoint, 01:18:07.930 --> 01:18:10.190 nobody ever wants to get there, 01:18:10.190 --> 01:18:13.580 but that ORDC is there to provide the incentive 01:18:13.580 --> 01:18:16.190 and the revenues for people who are able generators, 01:18:16.190 --> 01:18:19.613 who are able to provide generation when it's needed most, 01:18:21.030 --> 01:18:22.416 but we never want to need it that badly. 01:18:22.416 --> 01:18:23.249 Yeah. 01:18:23.249 --> 01:18:24.090 I mean, 01:18:24.090 --> 01:18:25.790 the thing about these high caps is first of all, 01:18:25.790 --> 01:18:27.050 nobody wants them. 01:18:27.050 --> 01:18:28.737 Generators don't want them because it turns out that, 01:18:28.737 --> 01:18:30.310 you know, when it happens, 01:18:30.310 --> 01:18:32.140 typically some generators are short and that's you know, 01:18:32.140 --> 01:18:34.160 where we're at, we're at high prices. 01:18:34.160 --> 01:18:38.300 So those generators are having to resolve their obligations 01:18:38.300 --> 01:18:40.160 in the markets at very high prices. 01:18:40.160 --> 01:18:42.390 Loads don't want them because there's very high prices. 01:18:42.390 --> 01:18:45.960 Now there's hedging around, you know, the exposure to those, 01:18:45.960 --> 01:18:47.490 those prices. 01:18:47.490 --> 01:18:49.320 So why do people keep doing them? 01:18:49.320 --> 01:18:53.970 Yeah, so we talk about the operating reserve demand curve 01:18:55.050 --> 01:18:58.880 in absence of the hedges that actually exist in the market. 01:18:58.880 --> 01:19:00.860 And we have to be, you know. 01:19:00.860 --> 01:19:02.550 Most thermal units, 01:19:02.550 --> 01:19:04.420 there's very few merchant thermal units. 01:19:04.420 --> 01:19:07.400 In fact, I can't think of one right now. 01:19:07.400 --> 01:19:09.280 There are, there are some, you know, 01:19:09.280 --> 01:19:12.550 limited merchant units in the ERCOT market, 01:19:12.550 --> 01:19:15.470 but everybody else is under a financial hedge of some sort. 01:19:15.470 --> 01:19:17.690 So they are not actually getting 01:19:17.690 --> 01:19:19.330 the operating reserve demand curve. 01:19:19.330 --> 01:19:22.010 What the operating reserve demand curve does, 01:19:22.010 --> 01:19:26.590 is it signals the need for new generation 01:19:26.590 --> 01:19:29.100 and hopefully pushes those forward curves up 01:19:29.100 --> 01:19:31.910 and pushes the value of the next PPA 01:19:31.910 --> 01:19:33.113 that someone signs. 01:19:34.040 --> 01:19:35.547 But for the most part you know it's, 01:19:35.547 --> 01:19:37.210 So, under the current construct, 01:19:37.210 --> 01:19:41.220 the only way to send market signals 01:19:41.220 --> 01:19:45.318 for future generation, for future new generation 01:19:45.318 --> 01:19:47.870 is by having a terrible crisis, 01:19:47.870 --> 01:19:49.750 which spikes they already see. 01:19:49.750 --> 01:19:53.650 Well, we hope that we get nuance signals 01:19:53.650 --> 01:19:54.810 throughout the year 01:19:54.810 --> 01:19:57.218 that are not at $9,000 but maybe higher 01:19:57.218 --> 01:19:59.230 than the marginal costs of the market. 01:19:59.230 --> 01:20:02.200 So what you really want is margin. 01:20:02.200 --> 01:20:05.100 You want the market to be above the marginal cost 01:20:05.100 --> 01:20:06.160 of units in the market 01:20:06.160 --> 01:20:09.210 and that clearing price to be higher 01:20:09.210 --> 01:20:10.500 than the marginal costs. 01:20:10.500 --> 01:20:12.810 So there is some profitability in the market. 01:20:12.810 --> 01:20:14.850 So sounds like we need to work on that. 01:20:14.850 --> 01:20:15.683 Yeah. 01:20:15.683 --> 01:20:16.516 Work on that part 01:20:16.516 --> 01:20:20.670 but there's also the only way 01:20:20.670 --> 01:20:22.567 under the current construct, not just at ERCOT, 01:20:22.567 --> 01:20:25.330 but from what I understand other markets 01:20:25.330 --> 01:20:27.267 with the uniform price going, 01:20:27.267 --> 01:20:31.260 and the only way efficient units 01:20:31.260 --> 01:20:33.600 can have profitability 01:20:33.600 --> 01:20:37.280 is if there are other more inefficient units 01:20:37.280 --> 01:20:40.240 that have higher marginal operating costs 01:20:40.240 --> 01:20:42.496 to bring that price up. 01:20:42.496 --> 01:20:43.329 Yes. 01:20:43.329 --> 01:20:45.508 So marginal pricing in the market is the weight 01:20:45.508 --> 01:20:46.877 (crosstalk) 01:20:46.877 --> 01:20:51.877 If we had all very efficient thermal generation 01:20:51.950 --> 01:20:53.100 under the current construct, 01:20:53.100 --> 01:20:56.480 nobody would generate a profit 01:20:56.480 --> 01:20:58.993 unless there was a terrible crisis. 01:21:00.910 --> 01:21:03.464 And so, yeah, we have some work to do. 01:21:03.464 --> 01:21:05.690 I think people would withhold 01:21:05.690 --> 01:21:08.490 to create the crisis to raise the prices. 01:21:08.490 --> 01:21:10.320 Oh yeah, we got some work to do if that's the case. 01:21:10.320 --> 01:21:11.970 Well, I hope that's not the case 01:21:11.970 --> 01:21:14.350 cause we don't wanna talk about economic withholding 01:21:14.350 --> 01:21:19.200 that you know, but people will retire assets. 01:21:19.200 --> 01:21:23.710 People will, you know, have seasonal, 01:21:23.710 --> 01:21:24.930 seasonally take off their units. 01:21:24.930 --> 01:21:27.440 So they won't be running their units in seasons 01:21:27.440 --> 01:21:29.690 where they don't think they can be profitable. 01:21:29.690 --> 01:21:32.600 So rather than sort of an a withholding, 01:21:32.600 --> 01:21:34.440 they may, you know, retire units. 01:21:34.440 --> 01:21:36.070 We certainly will see. 01:21:36.070 --> 01:21:37.720 And that's what drives us 01:21:37.720 --> 01:21:40.640 to this economically optimal reserve margin, 01:21:40.640 --> 01:21:44.180 which is relatively low from a comfort perspective 01:21:44.180 --> 01:21:46.680 of a typical system operator. 01:21:46.680 --> 01:21:49.930 So when you're looking at kind of rattles, you know, 01:21:49.930 --> 01:21:51.150 study that came up 01:21:51.150 --> 01:21:53.540 with an economically optimal reserve margin 01:21:53.540 --> 01:21:55.813 of 10 plus percent, 01:21:57.343 --> 01:22:01.110 that number for a lot of system operators is you know, 01:22:01.110 --> 01:22:03.930 it's lower than we typically see 01:22:03.930 --> 01:22:05.500 in some of the other markets 01:22:05.500 --> 01:22:07.263 and a system operator often you know, 01:22:07.263 --> 01:22:08.400 will look at that. 01:22:08.400 --> 01:22:11.570 And it worked, and that economic optimality 01:22:12.420 --> 01:22:14.810 basically requires certain times 01:22:14.810 --> 01:22:16.430 where you're going to have, you know, 01:22:16.430 --> 01:22:19.500 high prices and the potential for loss of load. 01:22:19.500 --> 01:22:21.630 You hope that if it's economically optimal, 01:22:21.630 --> 01:22:23.330 you don't get into loss of load conditions, 01:22:23.330 --> 01:22:25.244 but you are going to have those scarcity prices. 01:22:25.244 --> 01:22:26.880 And that's how the market, 01:22:26.880 --> 01:22:28.180 that's how the market operates. 01:22:28.180 --> 01:22:29.720 So when you get economically optimal, 01:22:29.720 --> 01:22:32.350 you are gonna have those scarcity pricing events, 01:22:32.350 --> 01:22:35.800 which you know for regulators and politicians, 01:22:35.800 --> 01:22:38.840 and as a recovering regulator myself, 01:22:38.840 --> 01:22:41.250 high prices are not fun 01:22:41.250 --> 01:22:43.950 because they become political issues. 01:22:43.950 --> 01:22:45.500 They become public issues. 01:22:45.500 --> 01:22:47.420 They affect load. 01:22:47.420 --> 01:22:51.020 They affect buyers in the market and just mitigate that. 01:22:51.020 --> 01:22:53.220 But it's one of those, one of those things, 01:22:53.220 --> 01:22:56.597 when we see sustained pricing events, 01:22:56.597 --> 01:22:59.950 it typically causes problems. 01:22:59.950 --> 01:23:03.050 And we end up in discussions like this, 01:23:03.050 --> 01:23:04.350 where we're talking about 01:23:04.350 --> 01:23:07.456 whether or not that's the optimal market, 01:23:07.456 --> 01:23:08.405 that being said, 01:23:08.405 --> 01:23:11.252 the energy only market has been extremely successful 01:23:11.252 --> 01:23:12.730 in Texas. 01:23:12.730 --> 01:23:16.150 It has driven prices very low. 01:23:16.150 --> 01:23:19.890 We have not seen a excessive amount of retirements 01:23:19.890 --> 01:23:20.723 in the market. 01:23:20.723 --> 01:23:22.540 We are keeping units in the market. 01:23:22.540 --> 01:23:25.760 We have the event in February 01:23:25.760 --> 01:23:29.824 was not a event based on margins. 01:23:29.824 --> 01:23:32.337 It was a weather event that's you know, 01:23:32.337 --> 01:23:35.450 it was an operational events, not a you know, 01:23:35.450 --> 01:23:37.650 event that we could have foreseen. 01:23:37.650 --> 01:23:41.020 We had great planning reserves going into kind of you know, 01:23:41.020 --> 01:23:41.853 that event. 01:23:41.853 --> 01:23:44.700 But unfortunately the operating reserves 01:23:44.700 --> 01:23:46.510 didn't come to fruition. 01:23:46.510 --> 01:23:49.363 That was not really a market event, 01:23:50.600 --> 01:23:53.553 but certainly, you know we, 01:23:54.677 --> 01:23:55.860 we don't want those, you know, 01:23:55.860 --> 01:23:57.904 price excursions to last a really long time. 01:23:57.904 --> 01:23:59.007 Sure, but No one wants to see that. 01:23:59.007 --> 01:24:00.860 the only way new generators 01:24:00.860 --> 01:24:05.030 or new investment in a dispatchable generation can happen 01:24:05.030 --> 01:24:06.207 is if we have these crisis events, 01:24:06.207 --> 01:24:08.000 say they put the price signals out there 01:24:08.000 --> 01:24:09.740 for the forward curves. 01:24:09.740 --> 01:24:10.573 Not, 01:24:10.573 --> 01:24:12.570 so we're not looking at crisis events. 01:24:12.570 --> 01:24:16.883 What we're looking for is the marginal, 01:24:17.950 --> 01:24:20.580 the prices in the market to exceed the marginal cost 01:24:20.580 --> 01:24:23.070 of the existing generator, such that there's a profit. 01:24:23.070 --> 01:24:23.903 Sure. 01:24:23.903 --> 01:24:26.790 So I guess the point is, as long as we have the bonus, 01:24:26.790 --> 01:24:30.060 the RCD bonus associated with 01:24:31.870 --> 01:24:33.870 increasing scarcity, 01:24:33.870 --> 01:24:36.510 so you own revenues are only generated, 01:24:36.510 --> 01:24:37.800 profits are only generated 01:24:37.800 --> 01:24:41.873 the closer we moved to running out of reserves. 01:24:43.120 --> 01:24:43.953 So, 01:24:43.953 --> 01:24:47.470 the profitability depends on the efficiency of the units. 01:24:47.470 --> 01:24:50.120 So an efficient unit is going to make more money 01:24:50.120 --> 01:24:53.260 than a less efficient unit in the market. 01:24:53.260 --> 01:24:56.430 The operating reserve demand curve, 01:24:56.430 --> 01:24:59.398 as much as it does influence profits in the market. 01:24:59.398 --> 01:25:02.180 It's not something any investors looking at, 01:25:02.180 --> 01:25:05.809 because it is driven by operational events. 01:25:05.809 --> 01:25:06.970 We heard earlier 01:25:06.970 --> 01:25:10.093 that that's what sets the price signal for forward curves. 01:25:10.940 --> 01:25:12.040 So my question is, 01:25:12.040 --> 01:25:13.700 does anybody has any market out there? 01:25:13.700 --> 01:25:16.440 So the market clearing price sets the price, 01:25:16.440 --> 01:25:18.290 the operating reserve demand curve 01:25:18.290 --> 01:25:21.327 sometimes influences that market clearing price. 01:25:21.327 --> 01:25:26.120 But what investors are really looking at 01:25:26.120 --> 01:25:29.630 is the average market clearing price. 01:25:29.630 --> 01:25:31.310 Sometimes that is influenced 01:25:31.310 --> 01:25:33.090 by the operating reserve demand curve. 01:25:33.090 --> 01:25:35.700 But we've seen over the history of ERCOT 01:25:35.700 --> 01:25:37.870 up until sort of recent events 01:25:37.870 --> 01:25:39.740 that that operating reserve demand curve 01:25:39.740 --> 01:25:42.540 has not really been significant at all. 01:25:42.540 --> 01:25:45.010 And we are seeing investment in the ERCOT market. 01:25:45.010 --> 01:25:46.940 We're seeing tremendous amount of investment 01:25:46.940 --> 01:25:48.930 on the renewable side. 01:25:48.930 --> 01:25:51.430 What about dispatchable reliable assets? 01:25:52.330 --> 01:25:54.213 So I would argue that, you know, 01:25:54.213 --> 01:25:56.419 that renewable assets do provide reliability. 01:25:56.419 --> 01:25:58.710 They are variable. 01:25:58.710 --> 01:26:00.477 Okay, please reconcile that one for me, 01:26:00.477 --> 01:26:02.500 because we had a couple of days in June 01:26:02.500 --> 01:26:06.237 that we're zero output. 01:26:06.237 --> 01:26:07.150 So. 01:26:07.150 --> 01:26:08.970 And we all know what happened. 01:26:08.970 --> 01:26:10.730 So please explain how we reconcile that. 01:26:10.730 --> 01:26:12.540 So you are gonna have days now 01:26:12.540 --> 01:26:14.460 during that period in June, 01:26:14.460 --> 01:26:17.393 it was sunny and the solar did perform, 01:26:18.500 --> 01:26:21.740 and you did have a low wind event. 01:26:21.740 --> 01:26:23.930 And we do need to reconcile that 01:26:23.930 --> 01:26:26.320 with either storage 01:26:26.320 --> 01:26:28.547 or because we are gonna it's variable generation. 01:26:28.547 --> 01:26:31.260 And there are times when we're gonna have low, 01:26:31.260 --> 01:26:32.800 low wind events, 01:26:32.800 --> 01:26:35.410 which means you still need that dispatchable generation. 01:26:35.410 --> 01:26:38.060 You need a balance in the system of dispatchable 01:26:38.060 --> 01:26:41.210 and non-dispatchable generation, but that, 01:26:41.210 --> 01:26:45.670 that low cost supply that the variable energy resources 01:26:45.670 --> 01:26:47.900 are bringing into the market 01:26:47.900 --> 01:26:50.376 is bringing reliability into the market. 01:26:50.376 --> 01:26:52.100 It just requires, 01:26:52.100 --> 01:26:54.200 it just requires a workout How? 01:26:55.090 --> 01:26:56.697 The same way any megawatt. 01:26:56.697 --> 01:26:59.200 I mean, a megawatt is a megawatt. 01:26:59.200 --> 01:27:00.033 Yeah, but it's not, 01:27:00.033 --> 01:27:01.995 but it's not moving forward. 01:27:01.995 --> 01:27:05.140 Again, it's all a game as we heard from Woody. 01:27:05.140 --> 01:27:06.770 A percentage basis, 01:27:06.770 --> 01:27:09.230 when your dominant resources intermittent, 01:27:09.230 --> 01:27:12.823 it becomes it economics work against the laws of physics. 01:27:14.970 --> 01:27:16.610 We have to reconcile that. 01:27:16.610 --> 01:27:18.490 So it depends. 01:27:18.490 --> 01:27:20.470 So one of the things that we look at 01:27:20.470 --> 01:27:23.470 as you look at more variable resources 01:27:23.470 --> 01:27:24.690 coming into the market 01:27:24.690 --> 01:27:29.240 is how diverse that those variable resources are. 01:27:29.240 --> 01:27:32.820 So we look at the diversity of the fuel source, 01:27:32.820 --> 01:27:34.217 so solar wind, 01:27:34.217 --> 01:27:36.440 but we also look at the geographic diversity 01:27:36.440 --> 01:27:39.860 because that creates more reliability with those assets. 01:27:39.860 --> 01:27:42.300 So as you get more and more online, 01:27:42.300 --> 01:27:45.085 you get more coastal wind that it does perform at peak. 01:27:45.085 --> 01:27:45.918 Sure. 01:27:45.918 --> 01:27:48.120 But you still have days where it's zero, 01:27:48.120 --> 01:27:49.600 which happened in June. 01:27:49.600 --> 01:27:53.363 And while on average, it looks good, 01:27:54.480 --> 01:27:56.530 but in a day-to-day operation of a grid, 01:27:56.530 --> 01:27:58.460 you're skydiving. 01:27:58.460 --> 01:28:01.440 And if the shoot doesn't open once 01:28:01.440 --> 01:28:03.550 the rest of the day is on average don't matter. 01:28:03.550 --> 01:28:04.383 Yeah. 01:28:04.383 --> 01:28:05.480 But that's why we need a balanced system. 01:28:05.480 --> 01:28:07.650 That's why we also need dispatchable generation 01:28:07.650 --> 01:28:09.800 in the system, we need base load generation. 01:28:09.800 --> 01:28:11.883 You need a healthy mix of assets, 01:28:11.883 --> 01:28:14.245 but you can't discount the fact 01:28:14.245 --> 01:28:16.790 that when they perform and are available, 01:28:16.790 --> 01:28:18.230 there are low cost. 01:28:18.230 --> 01:28:20.700 Love the price point, love the carbon profile. 01:28:20.700 --> 01:28:23.610 But the challenge and what I'm trying to ask is 01:28:23.610 --> 01:28:24.700 how do we get 01:28:24.700 --> 01:28:26.900 because right now we can see the forward curves 01:28:26.900 --> 01:28:28.840 and the increase, like Lori said, 01:28:28.840 --> 01:28:32.935 the increase in that reserve margin 01:28:32.935 --> 01:28:35.240 is over the next four or five years 01:28:35.240 --> 01:28:37.690 is crushing the forward curves 01:28:37.690 --> 01:28:41.450 that investors and generators rely on 01:28:41.450 --> 01:28:45.430 to drive new investment and dispatchable generation. 01:28:45.430 --> 01:28:48.150 So what, so we clearly need to change something. 01:28:48.150 --> 01:28:49.030 Yeah. 01:28:49.030 --> 01:28:51.260 What has anybody else out there 01:28:51.260 --> 01:28:53.517 in any of these other markets globally? 01:28:53.517 --> 01:28:54.350 So that, 01:28:54.350 --> 01:28:56.620 that brings me back to the ramping product 01:28:56.620 --> 01:29:00.045 that was introduced both in MISO and in California, 01:29:00.045 --> 01:29:02.020 for that exact purpose. 01:29:02.020 --> 01:29:06.440 To incense dispatchable generation and storage, 01:29:06.440 --> 01:29:08.176 to provide that ramping capability 01:29:08.176 --> 01:29:10.910 with a payment for that product 01:29:10.910 --> 01:29:13.430 to bring in those resources that you need. 01:29:13.430 --> 01:29:16.010 And it's a market based solutions. 01:29:16.010 --> 01:29:19.490 So it provides a market that values 01:29:19.490 --> 01:29:22.540 the capabilities of the units. 01:29:22.540 --> 01:29:24.520 So we really wanna look at 01:29:24.520 --> 01:29:26.450 at products in the market, 01:29:26.450 --> 01:29:28.470 the value of the capabilities of the unit, 01:29:28.470 --> 01:29:31.349 it's the same way we don't value 01:29:31.349 --> 01:29:35.830 the full range of capacity for renewables, 01:29:35.830 --> 01:29:38.410 because we know that at certain times of the year, 01:29:38.410 --> 01:29:39.243 they're not gonna be there. 01:29:39.243 --> 01:29:42.363 So in the CDR, they're discounted tremendously. 01:29:43.410 --> 01:29:47.082 So we do discount those resources 01:29:47.082 --> 01:29:51.250 and we want to value the dispatchability of other resources. 01:29:51.250 --> 01:29:53.190 And by introducing certain products, 01:29:53.190 --> 01:29:56.840 like a ramping product that will allow, 01:29:56.840 --> 01:29:59.550 that will create some opportunity for these. 01:29:59.550 --> 01:30:00.383 how long is California 01:30:00.383 --> 01:30:01.800 had their ramping product in place? 01:30:01.800 --> 01:30:04.370 So California's product came into place 01:30:04.370 --> 01:30:07.190 in the last couple of years. 01:30:07.190 --> 01:30:08.023 I don't know exactly when it was, 01:30:08.023 --> 01:30:10.620 I don't have the exact implementation date 01:30:10.620 --> 01:30:12.970 and MISO has had theirs just a tiny bit longer. 01:30:13.822 --> 01:30:15.300 So they have not had them 01:30:15.300 --> 01:30:17.430 for a significant amount of time. 01:30:17.430 --> 01:30:18.970 Obviously, California is going through 01:30:18.970 --> 01:30:21.867 an incredibly difficult period right now 01:30:21.867 --> 01:30:24.620 and are looking at other options as well. 01:30:24.620 --> 01:30:27.800 I will say that, you know, California struggles from, 01:30:27.800 --> 01:30:31.320 from problems that Texas doesn't have 01:30:31.320 --> 01:30:33.620 in the siting of generation. 01:30:33.620 --> 01:30:36.124 Siting dispatchable generation in California, 01:30:36.124 --> 01:30:38.760 I think anybody who's ever tried to do it 01:30:38.760 --> 01:30:42.060 can attest that it is much more difficult 01:30:42.060 --> 01:30:44.700 to site generation is much more difficult 01:30:44.700 --> 01:30:46.570 to site transmission in California. 01:30:46.570 --> 01:30:49.000 Texas has, you know, unique characteristics 01:30:49.000 --> 01:30:52.240 that make it really attractive to investors. 01:30:52.240 --> 01:30:53.470 So when we are, 01:30:53.470 --> 01:30:55.973 when we make create the right market conditions, 01:30:56.880 --> 01:30:59.130 people will be quick to move into the Texas market 01:30:59.130 --> 01:31:02.230 because it's so attractive to be here as an investor 01:31:02.230 --> 01:31:06.810 because of, you know, the market in Texas 01:31:06.810 --> 01:31:11.130 and the ability to site generation in the state, 01:31:11.130 --> 01:31:15.010 they run the access fuel supply in the state. 01:31:15.010 --> 01:31:17.490 And you know that yes, we had some issues 01:31:17.490 --> 01:31:19.580 with regards to fuel supply, 01:31:19.580 --> 01:31:22.330 but they weren't related to long-term infrastructure. 01:31:22.330 --> 01:31:24.133 They were related to weatherization issues 01:31:24.133 --> 01:31:26.200 that we need to address. 01:31:26.200 --> 01:31:29.530 Barbara, what about the ramping market in MISO? 01:31:29.530 --> 01:31:30.960 So the ramping market in MISO 01:31:30.960 --> 01:31:32.390 has been around a little bit longer. 01:31:32.390 --> 01:31:34.766 It's been a successful market. 01:31:34.766 --> 01:31:40.210 I, you know, I think both of them, 01:31:40.210 --> 01:31:43.010 the California and the MISO markets 01:31:43.870 --> 01:31:48.870 are moving in a direction to attract the right investment, 01:31:49.150 --> 01:31:51.603 but they haven't been around long enough to, 01:31:52.948 --> 01:31:53.781 you know, 01:31:53.781 --> 01:31:56.220 sort of see the kind of fruits of those markets as yet. 01:31:56.220 --> 01:31:57.190 And that's you know, I mean, 01:31:57.190 --> 01:31:59.203 that's as you introduce new markets, 01:32:00.150 --> 01:32:01.760 but it is creating some revenues 01:32:01.760 --> 01:32:03.890 for existing dispatchable generation 01:32:03.890 --> 01:32:08.040 that may have not remained in the market. 01:32:08.040 --> 01:32:10.830 So you also have to look at dispatchable generation. 01:32:10.830 --> 01:32:13.613 That's not being dispatched as often 01:32:13.613 --> 01:32:17.550 dispatchable generation that may be offline, 01:32:17.550 --> 01:32:21.060 that would be offline because of a ramping product. 01:32:21.060 --> 01:32:22.020 And in the MISO market, 01:32:22.020 --> 01:32:23.470 is it, 01:32:23.470 --> 01:32:27.050 are they dealing with a tremendous amount of primarily wind 01:32:27.050 --> 01:32:30.230 or is it also solar? Is it on the rise? 01:32:30.230 --> 01:32:31.570 So it's mostly wind, 01:32:31.570 --> 01:32:33.550 although solar is on the rise as much like ERCOT, 01:32:33.550 --> 01:32:35.567 you know solar, solar is more recent, 01:32:35.567 --> 01:32:37.860 we've seen more recent solar developments. 01:32:37.860 --> 01:32:40.843 They also have a lot of rooftop solar across their system 01:32:40.843 --> 01:32:43.127 based on kind of state incentive plans 01:32:43.127 --> 01:32:45.388 within the MISO footprint. 01:32:45.388 --> 01:32:49.270 So they do have been behind the meter 01:32:49.270 --> 01:32:50.960 so more behind the meter solar 01:32:50.960 --> 01:32:53.523 than they do utility scale solar, 01:32:54.520 --> 01:32:56.670 but they have a significant amount of wind 01:32:56.670 --> 01:32:57.668 in the MISO market 01:32:57.668 --> 01:33:01.300 and SBP is also looking at a ramping product. 01:33:01.300 --> 01:33:04.646 They have a proposal in play in SBP. 01:33:04.646 --> 01:33:06.270 And SBP as you well know, 01:33:06.270 --> 01:33:08.860 has a significant amount of wind in their market 01:33:08.860 --> 01:33:11.620 and are looking, you know, opportunistically 01:33:11.620 --> 01:33:14.410 at trying to manage that through a ramping product. 01:33:14.410 --> 01:33:15.580 Is that, 01:33:15.580 --> 01:33:16.413 I'm sorry, go on. 01:33:16.413 --> 01:33:19.730 So we had some discussion on the CDR report 01:33:19.730 --> 01:33:24.280 and you know how different resources are factored in 01:33:24.280 --> 01:33:25.373 are there any, 01:33:28.230 --> 01:33:32.510 any aspects of other markets in their reporting 01:33:32.510 --> 01:33:36.790 that we can look to to improve our reporting here, 01:33:36.790 --> 01:33:38.680 with respect to CDR. 01:33:38.680 --> 01:33:40.220 SARA, do they have other reports 01:33:40.220 --> 01:33:43.460 that they may use for planning 01:33:43.460 --> 01:33:44.810 that we may wanna look to? 01:33:44.810 --> 01:33:47.390 Yeah, so, you know, depending on the markets, 01:33:47.390 --> 01:33:50.340 they definitely have, you know, long-term planning 01:33:50.340 --> 01:33:52.070 different long-term planning documents. 01:33:52.070 --> 01:33:56.683 I will say that the Texas capacity demand reserves report, 01:33:57.690 --> 01:33:58.950 you know, there are, 01:33:58.950 --> 01:34:02.310 there are things that might be improved in it. 01:34:02.310 --> 01:34:05.230 The ASPLI adequacy working group has been talking about 01:34:05.230 --> 01:34:08.523 some of those potential improvements at ERCOT. 01:34:09.410 --> 01:34:11.320 But some of the things that you know, 01:34:11.320 --> 01:34:13.937 we kind of have always looked at the capacity demand 01:34:13.937 --> 01:34:17.120 for reserves report is as sort of the best known fiction 01:34:17.120 --> 01:34:17.953 in the market. 01:34:17.953 --> 01:34:20.310 It's not, it's never gonna be right. 01:34:20.310 --> 01:34:25.234 It has develop MINT has future forecasting 01:34:25.234 --> 01:34:29.430 that's typically is a lot more generation 01:34:29.430 --> 01:34:32.680 than actually comes into the market we see, 01:34:32.680 --> 01:34:35.550 you know, it's a relatively low option 01:34:35.550 --> 01:34:37.630 to have an interconnect agreement. 01:34:37.630 --> 01:34:38.933 And if you don't have 01:34:38.933 --> 01:34:42.780 an engineering procurement and construction agreement 01:34:42.780 --> 01:34:44.973 to build your plant, 01:34:46.010 --> 01:34:47.370 you know, that plant is 01:34:47.370 --> 01:34:52.012 and with a commercial operation date, you know, 01:34:52.012 --> 01:34:54.649 it's not as likely that we're gonna see those assets 01:34:54.649 --> 01:34:56.020 come into the market. 01:34:56.020 --> 01:34:59.450 So I think improving the requirements 01:34:59.450 --> 01:35:02.850 to be included in the capacity demand reserves report 01:35:04.240 --> 01:35:08.700 and checking on those units that are sort of have had 01:35:08.700 --> 01:35:10.440 outstanding interconnect agreements 01:35:10.440 --> 01:35:12.530 and have been in the, 01:35:12.530 --> 01:35:15.750 for lack of a better term, queue for awhile, 01:35:15.750 --> 01:35:17.310 but have not been in constructed 01:35:17.310 --> 01:35:19.680 to ensure that we're not counting things 01:35:19.680 --> 01:35:21.210 that are never going to be built, 01:35:21.210 --> 01:35:22.530 because obviously a developer, 01:35:22.530 --> 01:35:24.835 when they're looking at building 01:35:24.835 --> 01:35:29.493 either a renewable or thermal assets, 01:35:30.828 --> 01:35:33.180 a developer wants to build everything they've got, 01:35:33.180 --> 01:35:35.930 but there's a finite amount of capital in the markets. 01:35:35.930 --> 01:35:40.211 And all of those projects that are in the queue 01:35:40.211 --> 01:35:43.950 are not all going to get that amount of capital. 01:35:43.950 --> 01:35:47.530 So not everything is gonna get built in these markets. 01:35:47.530 --> 01:35:48.710 So that's one area. 01:35:48.710 --> 01:35:52.180 The other area that the capacity demand reserves report 01:35:52.180 --> 01:35:53.180 probably suffers from 01:35:53.180 --> 01:35:56.670 and this is not actually as much a renewable issue 01:35:56.670 --> 01:35:58.300 because we actually count renewable 01:35:58.300 --> 01:36:01.370 based on their historical performance at peak, 01:36:01.370 --> 01:36:05.050 but there's a dispatch ability issue. 01:36:05.050 --> 01:36:07.180 And Woody talked a little bit about this 01:36:07.180 --> 01:36:10.320 when he was talking about the transmission planning 01:36:10.320 --> 01:36:13.180 and making sure that units were actually dispatchable 01:36:13.180 --> 01:36:15.150 as part of the reliability studies 01:36:15.150 --> 01:36:16.510 that we have for units. 01:36:16.510 --> 01:36:17.830 But when we look at the CDR, 01:36:17.830 --> 01:36:21.130 we count nameplate capacity for the thermal units 01:36:21.130 --> 01:36:24.950 that are in the, in listed in the CDR. 01:36:24.950 --> 01:36:28.440 And oftentimes during certain system conditions, 01:36:28.440 --> 01:36:31.460 not all of that, those megawatts are dispatchable. 01:36:31.460 --> 01:36:33.170 We have congestion across the market. 01:36:33.170 --> 01:36:36.450 So we do need to maybe not in the CDR, 01:36:36.450 --> 01:36:38.920 that might not be the document to look at this, 01:36:38.920 --> 01:36:42.460 but if you're really looking at what's deliverable 01:36:43.330 --> 01:36:44.163 in a system, 01:36:44.163 --> 01:36:47.388 you do need to kind of look at what happened 01:36:47.388 --> 01:36:50.930 during your peaks, not just on the renewable side, 01:36:50.930 --> 01:36:51.938 but on the thermal side, 01:36:51.938 --> 01:36:56.740 what megawatts were deliverable during those peaks, 01:36:56.740 --> 01:36:59.560 so that we have an understanding on kind of a globe 01:36:59.560 --> 01:37:02.220 and that doesn't have to be on a unit by unit basis. 01:37:02.220 --> 01:37:06.491 But looking at what was deliverable in the market 01:37:06.491 --> 01:37:10.350 is critical when you're in an energy only market, 01:37:10.350 --> 01:37:13.010 we get some of that transparency in markets 01:37:13.010 --> 01:37:16.450 that have capacity markets, because a, 01:37:16.450 --> 01:37:19.170 because of the nature of the capacity market 01:37:19.170 --> 01:37:22.990 is that there are penalties, if you don't perform. 01:37:22.990 --> 01:37:25.810 An asset owner who's bidding into a capacity market 01:37:25.810 --> 01:37:27.520 is only going to bid the capacity 01:37:27.520 --> 01:37:29.640 that they know they can perform too. 01:37:29.640 --> 01:37:33.160 So they almost bid in those, 01:37:33.160 --> 01:37:35.070 those transmission and other limits 01:37:35.070 --> 01:37:36.940 that there are no end limits 01:37:36.940 --> 01:37:38.950 so that those may be seasonal limits, 01:37:38.950 --> 01:37:40.710 they may be limits that they know 01:37:40.710 --> 01:37:42.570 that they have for the asset. 01:37:42.570 --> 01:37:44.660 So they may only be bidding 01:37:44.660 --> 01:37:46.720 in a certain amount of their capacity 01:37:46.720 --> 01:37:48.150 into the capacity market. 01:37:48.150 --> 01:37:51.080 And that shows up in that capacity market 01:37:51.080 --> 01:37:54.280 and shows up in the planning for that reliable capacity. 01:37:54.280 --> 01:37:55.113 And they're accountable 01:37:55.113 --> 01:37:56.765 for what they put in there with penalty, 01:37:56.765 --> 01:37:58.000 associated penalties. 01:37:58.000 --> 01:37:58.988 Associated penalties 01:37:58.988 --> 01:38:03.050 because they're receiving a payment 01:38:03.050 --> 01:38:06.040 to be available and that payment comes in advance 01:38:08.270 --> 01:38:12.480 but it does create a condition where they are going to bid 01:38:12.480 --> 01:38:14.803 the capacity that they know they can deliver. 01:38:15.860 --> 01:38:18.400 And what we account for an ERCOT 01:38:19.590 --> 01:38:22.610 is nameplate or discounted 01:38:24.030 --> 01:38:27.150 based on actual historical on the renewable side. 01:38:27.150 --> 01:38:30.490 So the renewable is basically accounting for 01:38:30.490 --> 01:38:32.347 kind of that deliverability, 01:38:32.347 --> 01:38:34.850 but we don't account for that as much on them. 01:38:34.850 --> 01:38:38.050 Out of curiosity in the capacity portfolio, 01:38:38.050 --> 01:38:42.633 say PJM or any others defer to you on that. 01:38:42.633 --> 01:38:46.090 What percent of the generators receiving capacity payments 01:38:46.090 --> 01:38:48.926 are dispatchable versus weather dependent? 01:38:48.926 --> 01:38:53.700 So they take renewable, 01:38:53.700 --> 01:38:55.750 but they discount how much they can offer 01:38:55.750 --> 01:38:56.590 into those markets. 01:38:56.590 --> 01:38:59.160 So it's kind of similar to what we do in the CDR, 01:38:59.160 --> 01:39:01.817 you account for the capacity that you might, 01:39:01.817 --> 01:39:04.659 not that many renewables bid into the capacity market, 01:39:04.659 --> 01:39:07.630 because of those requirements. 01:39:07.630 --> 01:39:12.623 So we don't see as much participation by renewable. 01:39:13.820 --> 01:39:16.140 We see a lot of demand response though, 01:39:16.140 --> 01:39:19.940 in those those markets, because demand. 01:39:19.940 --> 01:39:22.310 So there's a lot of demand participation 01:39:22.310 --> 01:39:23.930 in the capacity markets. 01:39:23.930 --> 01:39:27.170 There's less intermittent resource participation 01:39:27.170 --> 01:39:28.444 in the capacity markets. 01:39:28.444 --> 01:39:29.277 Okay, thanks. 01:39:29.277 --> 01:39:30.110 Barbara, can I, 01:39:30.110 --> 01:39:33.130 you touched on three issues that I was trying to highlight 01:39:33.130 --> 01:39:36.420 to Woody earlier, interconnection requirements 01:39:36.420 --> 01:39:38.107 to be included in the CDR report. 01:39:38.107 --> 01:39:38.980 And you're mentioning, 01:39:38.980 --> 01:39:40.110 I think you mentioned that, you know, 01:39:40.110 --> 01:39:43.742 can go get an IA pretty easily with ERCOT. 01:39:43.742 --> 01:39:44.950 And from my understanding, 01:39:44.950 --> 01:39:47.138 and I've been kind of curious about this, 01:39:47.138 --> 01:39:48.690 cause I've heard this in the past 01:39:48.690 --> 01:39:51.260 and I'm not sure how accurate it is, 01:39:51.260 --> 01:39:55.160 but are ERCOT's interconnection costs 01:39:55.160 --> 01:39:57.729 or fees they charge some of the lower fees 01:39:57.729 --> 01:40:00.360 compared to other markets? 01:40:00.360 --> 01:40:01.290 Do you know that? 01:40:01.290 --> 01:40:05.690 I, I don't know because the costs 01:40:05.690 --> 01:40:10.120 for interconnection studies and those fees vary 01:40:10.120 --> 01:40:13.310 based on kind of a TDSP to TDSP 01:40:13.310 --> 01:40:16.048 kind of basis around the country. 01:40:16.048 --> 01:40:19.000 So there there's a lot of variability. 01:40:19.000 --> 01:40:22.070 I don't think ERCOT is dramatically lower 01:40:22.070 --> 01:40:23.570 than other markets, 01:40:23.570 --> 01:40:26.703 but the cost of entry in many ways in ERCOT, 01:40:27.588 --> 01:40:30.603 you know, for siting and you know, 01:40:33.713 --> 01:40:34.790 cost of labor, 01:40:34.790 --> 01:40:38.510 all sorts of other things are really attractive in Texas. 01:40:38.510 --> 01:40:41.230 But, but I mean, in any market, 01:40:41.230 --> 01:40:45.230 the cost of kind of an interconnection agreement is it's, 01:40:45.230 --> 01:40:47.610 it's not a material costs 01:40:47.610 --> 01:40:50.140 when you're looking at building a power plant. 01:40:50.140 --> 01:40:53.450 So it's a relatively low cost option 01:40:53.450 --> 01:40:57.290 to create value for that development. 01:40:57.290 --> 01:41:01.470 Because now that development is enabled in the market, 01:41:01.470 --> 01:41:05.050 it makes that proposed development much more valuable 01:41:05.050 --> 01:41:08.080 for a developer or to either build that 01:41:08.080 --> 01:41:10.320 or take it to a lender 01:41:11.412 --> 01:41:15.150 to borrow capital for that, for that project 01:41:15.150 --> 01:41:17.410 or to sell that development investment, 01:41:17.410 --> 01:41:20.320 because it's a development investment 01:41:20.320 --> 01:41:22.130 that it now has interconnect agreement 01:41:22.130 --> 01:41:24.820 has permits it's ready to go. 01:41:24.820 --> 01:41:26.270 So it creates value. 01:41:26.270 --> 01:41:27.760 And in most markets, 01:41:27.760 --> 01:41:29.915 a developer is at least going to get to 01:41:29.915 --> 01:41:31.490 an interconnect agreements, 01:41:31.490 --> 01:41:34.480 create that value before it goes to lenders 01:41:35.900 --> 01:41:39.150 or buyers to actually take it to the next level 01:41:39.150 --> 01:41:42.330 and actually enter into an EPC agreement. 01:41:42.330 --> 01:41:44.180 So for renewable generation, 01:41:45.040 --> 01:41:46.510 it's to site? 01:41:46.510 --> 01:41:48.110 I mean, you really just need an IA. 01:41:48.110 --> 01:41:49.830 So any other type of thermal resource, 01:41:49.830 --> 01:41:51.940 it would be more expensive process for the site. 01:41:51.940 --> 01:41:54.310 Yeah, so for thermal resources, 01:41:54.310 --> 01:41:56.660 ERCOT print planning criteria requires air permits 01:41:56.660 --> 01:42:00.700 and water in that criteria to be included 01:42:00.700 --> 01:42:04.230 in the CDR for renewable. 01:42:04.230 --> 01:42:05.430 There I think is 01:42:06.520 --> 01:42:08.810 a land requirement. 01:42:08.810 --> 01:42:09.929 Yeah. Site control. 01:42:09.929 --> 01:42:14.130 And then, and then obviously an assigned IA. 01:42:14.130 --> 01:42:16.200 So you mentioned financial requirements earlier, 01:42:16.200 --> 01:42:18.070 and I know we've had this discussion in the past 01:42:18.070 --> 01:42:20.860 on whether or not the wind generation should be required 01:42:20.860 --> 01:42:24.620 to provide documentation 01:42:24.620 --> 01:42:26.970 showing they have the financing in place for their project 01:42:26.970 --> 01:42:28.750 to be able to be included in CDR. 01:42:28.750 --> 01:42:31.140 In fact, my understanding is there was an NPRR 01:42:31.140 --> 01:42:33.300 in the past that got rejected by the board. 01:42:33.300 --> 01:42:36.470 Do you think that type of requirement would be helpful 01:42:36.470 --> 01:42:38.240 in our CDR at this time? 01:42:38.240 --> 01:42:40.140 I know back then there was an influx of wind 01:42:40.140 --> 01:42:42.803 and you know crisis going on and there was you know, 01:42:43.653 --> 01:42:44.486 just different, 01:42:44.486 --> 01:42:47.240 a little bit of a different backdrop to that discussion, 01:42:47.240 --> 01:42:50.450 but in today's market and given the inflow 01:42:50.450 --> 01:42:51.283 of wind generation, 01:42:51.283 --> 01:42:54.070 do you think that it would help solidify our numbers 01:42:54.070 --> 01:42:56.520 in our CDR report to have such a requirement? 01:42:56.520 --> 01:42:58.803 So, I'm not sure. 01:43:01.340 --> 01:43:04.710 There are definitely resources that are included 01:43:04.710 --> 01:43:09.163 in the CDR that may never get built. 01:43:11.160 --> 01:43:14.070 Frankly it has actually been the thermal resources 01:43:14.070 --> 01:43:16.839 that are the ones that have kind of, you know, 01:43:16.839 --> 01:43:20.590 sort of trips tripped years. 01:43:20.590 --> 01:43:24.440 So they, there was a planning for those units. 01:43:24.440 --> 01:43:26.970 We've seen a lot of the renewable generation 01:43:26.970 --> 01:43:30.136 that has been in the planning crew criteria 01:43:30.136 --> 01:43:32.010 eventually be built. 01:43:32.010 --> 01:43:35.790 It may not be in those first few years. 01:43:35.790 --> 01:43:38.200 The problem is that 01:43:39.650 --> 01:43:41.738 until you really have a COD, 01:43:41.738 --> 01:43:46.520 including it in those longterm planning 01:43:46.520 --> 01:43:47.833 and you know, 01:43:47.833 --> 01:43:50.010 and the COD is a commercial operation data 01:43:50.010 --> 01:43:52.233 I try not to use acronyms, but anyway, 01:43:54.160 --> 01:43:56.260 you really are, 01:43:56.260 --> 01:43:58.920 there has to be a discount factor to that, 01:43:58.920 --> 01:44:01.396 that category of planned resources 01:44:01.396 --> 01:44:03.520 and most people in the market, 01:44:03.520 --> 01:44:04.720 when they look at the CDR, 01:44:04.720 --> 01:44:07.730 they look at that section of the CDR 01:44:07.730 --> 01:44:09.890 with their own sort of lens on it, 01:44:09.890 --> 01:44:13.120 to determine how much they're going to discount 01:44:13.120 --> 01:44:14.010 some of those, 01:44:14.010 --> 01:44:15.560 those projects that are in that queue. 01:44:15.560 --> 01:44:18.850 And everyone has a slightly different perspective on it, 01:44:18.850 --> 01:44:20.663 but for ERCOT, 01:44:21.720 --> 01:44:23.340 they want to know, 01:44:23.340 --> 01:44:27.050 I mean that they have an operating reserve requirement 01:44:27.050 --> 01:44:29.010 and they need to know, you know, 01:44:29.010 --> 01:44:31.040 where they're going to be down the road 01:44:31.040 --> 01:44:33.580 and have pretty reliable information. 01:44:33.580 --> 01:44:35.490 So the more ERCOT, 01:44:35.490 --> 01:44:38.710 data ERCOT can have on commercial operation state, 01:44:38.710 --> 01:44:41.690 and including that in their planning criteria, 01:44:41.690 --> 01:44:44.580 the better optics they're gonna have 01:44:44.580 --> 01:44:46.560 on where they might be sitting 01:44:46.560 --> 01:44:51.433 as it relates to their resource adequacy in future years. 01:44:53.230 --> 01:44:54.795 Whether the CDR is the place to do that, 01:44:54.795 --> 01:44:55.821 I'm not sure. 01:44:55.821 --> 01:44:59.810 But ERCOT does need to have a level of security 01:44:59.810 --> 01:45:04.170 that when they look at a 21% reserve margin 01:45:04.170 --> 01:45:07.556 in future years, that that's realistic. 01:45:07.556 --> 01:45:11.770 And I think at this point, what we've seen is in, 01:45:11.770 --> 01:45:12.830 in the near terms, 01:45:12.830 --> 01:45:15.300 our reserve margins have typically been between 01:45:15.300 --> 01:45:18.090 nine and 12% 01:45:18.090 --> 01:45:21.740 as we actually get into kind of operating years. 01:45:21.740 --> 01:45:24.410 And rarely do we have, you know, 01:45:24.410 --> 01:45:28.670 kind of the 16 to 20% that we actually see 01:45:28.670 --> 01:45:31.630 in the planning years. 01:45:31.630 --> 01:45:33.300 It's just the toughest place to be at, right? 01:45:33.300 --> 01:45:36.610 Because it's determined like was noting earlier 01:45:36.610 --> 01:45:39.143 that our forward markets investors look at, 01:45:40.270 --> 01:45:42.580 it could be looking at our CDR months, 01:45:42.580 --> 01:45:45.040 amongst the host of other sets of information. 01:45:45.040 --> 01:45:46.840 And when we put out that report 01:45:46.840 --> 01:45:49.023 and it shows high reserve margins, 01:45:49.900 --> 01:45:51.950 it sends a signal and 01:45:52.920 --> 01:45:54.682 or doesn't. Not the way we wanna send. 01:45:54.682 --> 01:45:57.684 And so that's why we're so interested 01:45:57.684 --> 01:45:59.980 in figuring out a way, 01:45:59.980 --> 01:46:02.210 if we're gonna continue to have a CDR report 01:46:02.210 --> 01:46:06.460 that we provide a more meaningful picture. 01:46:06.460 --> 01:46:07.660 Unlike a lot of other markets 01:46:07.660 --> 01:46:12.110 to CDR in Texas does to a certain extent create, 01:46:12.110 --> 01:46:13.343 it's a newsworthy item. 01:46:14.320 --> 01:46:19.458 Whether or not an actual lender, or developer 01:46:19.458 --> 01:46:23.050 or you know, market participant looks at that 01:46:23.050 --> 01:46:26.140 and is making an investment decision 01:46:26.140 --> 01:46:28.970 to not build because reserve margins are high 01:46:28.970 --> 01:46:31.530 or to build because the reserve margins are low. 01:46:31.530 --> 01:46:34.440 I think it's sophisticated market participant looks at it 01:46:34.440 --> 01:46:36.254 under the lens that, that it is, 01:46:36.254 --> 01:46:41.254 and provides their own discount and review of the CDR. 01:46:41.310 --> 01:46:46.170 But there is sort of a public perspective 01:46:46.170 --> 01:46:49.660 that is probably the more difficult perspective, 01:46:49.660 --> 01:46:54.660 which is the public sees we've got 21% reserves. 01:46:55.130 --> 01:46:57.810 Why, why are we having high prices? 01:46:57.810 --> 01:47:00.240 Why are we, Without power. 01:47:00.240 --> 01:47:01.450 Why is there no power? 01:47:01.450 --> 01:47:02.510 Why did my lights go off? 01:47:02.510 --> 01:47:05.379 I mean, my lights went off this morning, so, 01:47:05.379 --> 01:47:07.220 but I don't think that had anything to do 01:47:07.220 --> 01:47:08.608 with resource adequacy. Right so, 01:47:08.608 --> 01:47:12.530 yeah, I mean it's definitely the case 01:47:12.530 --> 01:47:16.610 that generation resources, resource owners, 01:47:16.610 --> 01:47:18.240 and investment investors out there 01:47:18.240 --> 01:47:19.590 look at a host of information, 01:47:19.590 --> 01:47:21.680 don't completely rely on the CDR report. 01:47:21.680 --> 01:47:22.513 But like you mentioned, 01:47:22.513 --> 01:47:24.736 the very critical aspect of the CDR report 01:47:24.736 --> 01:47:27.840 is the public perspective on it. 01:47:27.840 --> 01:47:29.800 And the signal that does send 01:47:29.800 --> 01:47:31.750 when you see a high reserve margin 01:47:31.750 --> 01:47:33.990 that you're gonna have reliability. 01:47:33.990 --> 01:47:36.640 There's a perception that it creates 01:47:36.640 --> 01:47:38.870 for everyone in the market, 01:47:38.870 --> 01:47:41.560 a little bit for the sophisticated players 01:47:41.560 --> 01:47:42.830 cause they look at it and they, 01:47:42.830 --> 01:47:45.460 and they have their own view of it. 01:47:45.460 --> 01:47:48.550 But it does create, you know, 01:47:48.550 --> 01:47:50.860 to a certain extent an illusion 01:47:50.860 --> 01:47:54.360 of that planning criteria 01:47:54.360 --> 01:47:57.421 are the same as operating criteria and that 01:47:57.421 --> 01:47:59.060 Certainly needs some work. 01:47:59.060 --> 01:48:00.004 It does. 01:48:00.004 --> 01:48:03.000 And you know, and that's why we wanna make sure 01:48:03.000 --> 01:48:05.430 that we're looking at things like deliverability, 01:48:05.430 --> 01:48:08.350 that we're looking at what ERCOT actually does 01:48:08.350 --> 01:48:11.260 during peaks and analyzing 01:48:11.260 --> 01:48:14.250 the actual system conditions 01:48:14.250 --> 01:48:17.350 during the various peaks throughout the year. 01:48:17.350 --> 01:48:18.183 So that, 01:48:19.290 --> 01:48:21.760 that you as regulators 01:48:21.760 --> 01:48:25.030 and the public have a better understanding of, 01:48:25.030 --> 01:48:26.960 of where ERCOT is. 01:48:26.960 --> 01:48:28.640 Because we are an energy only market. 01:48:28.640 --> 01:48:31.980 We don't have that forward commitments to 01:48:31.980 --> 01:48:34.560 for physical assets to be in place. 01:48:34.560 --> 01:48:38.080 We are basically a voluntary market that's saying 01:48:38.080 --> 01:48:40.614 we look okay in three years. 01:48:40.614 --> 01:48:43.250 Do you think the SARA report gets it there? 01:48:43.250 --> 01:48:45.450 Or do you think that we need an additional 01:48:45.450 --> 01:48:47.680 even more near-term report? 01:48:47.680 --> 01:48:48.590 So that's SARA. 01:48:48.590 --> 01:48:50.350 SARA is your near-term report. 01:48:50.350 --> 01:48:54.050 And I think the SARA does a good job of evaluating 01:48:54.910 --> 01:48:58.070 sort of the more operational criteria, 01:48:58.070 --> 01:49:01.790 typical outages during those, those seasons. 01:49:01.790 --> 01:49:06.110 So when we're looking at the seasonal aspects of reporting, 01:49:06.110 --> 01:49:08.620 first of all, we're a lot closer to operating days. 01:49:08.620 --> 01:49:10.490 So the closer we can get to operating day, 01:49:10.490 --> 01:49:12.510 the better the information is gonna be, 01:49:12.510 --> 01:49:15.220 you know what assets are physically gonna be there, 01:49:15.220 --> 01:49:17.110 you have COD dates for the, 01:49:17.110 --> 01:49:19.780 so you're not including planned resources 01:49:19.780 --> 01:49:21.270 unless they have a COD date, 01:49:21.270 --> 01:49:23.840 which is it within that window. 01:49:23.840 --> 01:49:27.640 So the SARA is actually a much better perspective 01:49:27.640 --> 01:49:29.480 of where ERCOT is at 01:49:29.480 --> 01:49:32.623 because it is looking at now it does have, 01:49:34.980 --> 01:49:36.520 it does have scenarios in it. 01:49:36.520 --> 01:49:38.800 And, you know, would depend on kind of 01:49:38.800 --> 01:49:41.310 what your view of the scenarios are. 01:49:41.310 --> 01:49:43.920 Whether you're gonna have a high outages 01:49:43.920 --> 01:49:47.640 or low wind or all those other criteria it looks at, 01:49:47.640 --> 01:49:50.480 but it does give you a much better operational perspective. 01:49:50.480 --> 01:49:54.963 The closer we get with those planning reserve information 01:49:54.963 --> 01:49:57.530 to real time, 01:49:57.530 --> 01:50:00.500 the better we'd have better knowledge we have around 01:50:00.500 --> 01:50:02.190 what our actual reserves are. 01:50:02.190 --> 01:50:03.750 Yup. All right. Thank you. 01:50:03.750 --> 01:50:05.085 This is an excellent slide. 01:50:05.085 --> 01:50:07.857 And then we got one more panel before lunch so, 01:50:07.857 --> 01:50:09.587 we'll refer back to you to 01:50:09.587 --> 01:50:10.880 Yeah, I'm gonna move on, 01:50:10.880 --> 01:50:13.070 I think we've talked about most of the issues 01:50:13.070 --> 01:50:14.210 that I had on the slide, 01:50:14.210 --> 01:50:16.340 one thing I did want to just before I move on, 01:50:16.340 --> 01:50:18.590 well actually, I'll get it on the next slide. 01:50:19.610 --> 01:50:24.180 So real-time co-optimization, most of the markets 01:50:24.180 --> 01:50:28.860 in the North America have real-time optimization 01:50:28.860 --> 01:50:32.640 and it's really important. 01:50:32.640 --> 01:50:34.023 And it's, 01:50:35.090 --> 01:50:37.910 it will drive some of the investment 01:50:37.910 --> 01:50:39.750 that we've been talking about 01:50:39.750 --> 01:50:42.950 to have quick start resources 01:50:42.950 --> 01:50:46.100 being dispatched in real-time, 01:50:46.100 --> 01:50:49.393 for both energy and reserves. 01:50:50.560 --> 01:50:53.830 So it does actually create some of those opportunities 01:50:53.830 --> 01:50:56.883 that we've been looking for for quick start units, 01:50:58.290 --> 01:50:59.970 as well as load and storage. 01:50:59.970 --> 01:51:02.250 So it really creates a lot of opportunities 01:51:02.250 --> 01:51:04.340 for those flexible megawatts that we need, 01:51:04.340 --> 01:51:07.290 whether it's load megawatts, storage megawatts, 01:51:07.290 --> 01:51:08.770 or quick start, 01:51:08.770 --> 01:51:12.373 or other types of flexible resources in the market. 01:51:13.770 --> 01:51:15.770 So I can't say more that 01:51:15.770 --> 01:51:18.730 that project moving forward is critical. 01:51:18.730 --> 01:51:21.150 And I know that ERCOT had some delays, you know, 01:51:21.150 --> 01:51:24.120 much of it related to, you know, this event, 01:51:24.120 --> 01:51:24.953 but frankly, 01:51:24.953 --> 01:51:26.730 this is a really good solution to solve 01:51:26.730 --> 01:51:28.970 for some of the problems that we've been seeing 01:51:28.970 --> 01:51:30.930 and create some of those opportunities. 01:51:30.930 --> 01:51:33.240 It does have a corollary kind of con 01:51:33.240 --> 01:51:36.860 and that is that more efficiency in the market 01:51:36.860 --> 01:51:40.930 may drive lower costs and more efficiency in the market 01:51:40.930 --> 01:51:42.456 is kind of been, you know, 01:51:42.456 --> 01:51:45.830 the hallmark of Texas has been we've been super efficient 01:51:45.830 --> 01:51:47.820 and had super low prices. 01:51:47.820 --> 01:51:52.640 And that is a concern that many have expressed, you know, 01:51:52.640 --> 01:51:54.903 if this drives to lower prices, 01:51:55.877 --> 01:51:57.580 will we get those, those investments? 01:51:57.580 --> 01:51:59.246 So, you know, it's 01:52:01.000 --> 01:52:02.893 that that's just one of the concerns. 01:52:04.616 --> 01:52:06.340 And I can run through all of these 01:52:06.340 --> 01:52:08.080 or we can hit ones that, 01:52:08.080 --> 01:52:09.310 Why don't you hit the highlight soon. 01:52:09.310 --> 01:52:10.460 Okay, 01:52:10.460 --> 01:52:14.630 so the first few are ones 01:52:14.630 --> 01:52:16.300 that we're already working on. 01:52:16.300 --> 01:52:17.930 So contingency reserve service, 01:52:17.930 --> 01:52:19.870 we have a sort of partial implementation 01:52:19.870 --> 01:52:21.440 of a contingency reserve. 01:52:21.440 --> 01:52:25.221 Again, a really critical element that ERCOT needs 01:52:25.221 --> 01:52:26.960 in their toolbox 01:52:26.960 --> 01:52:29.600 is to have that contingency reserve service 01:52:29.600 --> 01:52:31.630 that will provide some of the, you know, 01:52:31.630 --> 01:52:33.400 operational criteria we're talking about with 01:52:33.400 --> 01:52:35.260 with ramping, 01:52:35.260 --> 01:52:40.210 it will be a service that they can increase the amount 01:52:40.210 --> 01:52:43.130 that they need based on the contingencies in the system. 01:52:43.130 --> 01:52:45.380 So if they're coming into a winter event 01:52:45.380 --> 01:52:47.170 and they haven't known a winter event, 01:52:47.170 --> 01:52:50.723 they can increase their procurement of contingency reserve. 01:52:51.590 --> 01:52:54.630 So that's a, that's a critical part. 01:52:54.630 --> 01:52:55.703 And it also, 01:52:56.620 --> 01:52:57.510 there are some constraints 01:52:57.510 --> 01:52:59.410 on load participation in that program. 01:53:00.430 --> 01:53:01.263 And frankly, 01:53:01.263 --> 01:53:02.930 the more load you can get participating 01:53:02.930 --> 01:53:04.000 in all of these programs, 01:53:04.000 --> 01:53:06.030 because load provides a lot of value 01:53:06.030 --> 01:53:08.900 in the ancillary markets. 01:53:08.900 --> 01:53:09.920 So I know that, you know, 01:53:09.920 --> 01:53:11.900 ERCOT had some concerns around 01:53:11.900 --> 01:53:14.610 kind of the amount of load that they're procuring right now, 01:53:14.610 --> 01:53:17.660 but I will say that load is a critical element 01:53:17.660 --> 01:53:19.483 in any of these reserves services. 01:53:20.800 --> 01:53:22.230 Emergency pricing mechanism. 01:53:22.230 --> 01:53:25.890 We dealt with the scarcity pricing mechanism 01:53:26.920 --> 01:53:28.430 in the previous docket, 01:53:28.430 --> 01:53:30.040 but one of the things we didn't deal with is 01:53:30.040 --> 01:53:32.410 what happens once we get into an emergency 01:53:32.410 --> 01:53:33.770 and the prices, you know, 01:53:33.770 --> 01:53:38.770 what is there going to be a adjustment to the price 01:53:38.970 --> 01:53:40.380 when we're in conditions 01:53:40.380 --> 01:53:43.880 where that next megawatt is just not available? 01:53:43.880 --> 01:53:46.350 And we ended up in a sustained situation, 01:53:46.350 --> 01:53:49.900 and do we have a, a auto-correct to, 01:53:49.900 --> 01:53:51.300 to get to a different level. 01:53:53.280 --> 01:53:55.370 Critical load standards, We've you know, 01:53:55.370 --> 01:53:58.520 I think Woody talked a lot about that, but 01:54:00.198 --> 01:54:02.240 it's very important first fuel security, 01:54:02.240 --> 01:54:04.256 and obviously the health and welfare 01:54:04.256 --> 01:54:07.450 to have critical loads designated, 01:54:07.450 --> 01:54:08.420 but we need to be careful 01:54:08.420 --> 01:54:10.700 on those critical load designations, 01:54:10.700 --> 01:54:13.000 because the more loads that get designated 01:54:13.000 --> 01:54:14.430 and often after these events, 01:54:14.430 --> 01:54:16.820 you have a lot of people deciding 01:54:16.820 --> 01:54:17.880 that they're critical loads. 01:54:17.880 --> 01:54:19.800 We need to make sure that the right loads 01:54:19.800 --> 01:54:22.890 and that the TDSPs have the right tools in their toolbox 01:54:22.890 --> 01:54:26.963 to be able to more discreetly manage those loads. 01:54:28.940 --> 01:54:30.970 And I'm not gonna go through, 01:54:30.970 --> 01:54:32.200 I think the rest of these 01:54:32.200 --> 01:54:35.266 we've already talked about ramping service, 01:54:35.266 --> 01:54:37.873 but I'm certainly available for questions. 01:54:39.986 --> 01:54:41.986 I think we got to those first, 01:54:42.890 --> 01:54:43.723 go ahead. 01:54:43.723 --> 01:54:45.250 We did the questions. 01:54:45.250 --> 01:54:46.083 We're doing the questions 01:54:46.083 --> 01:54:47.670 all the way through. Throughout. 01:54:47.670 --> 01:54:49.170 In the next slide, 01:54:49.170 --> 01:54:51.310 I'm kind of taught I just talk about 01:54:51.310 --> 01:54:54.760 existing things that are going on in the market. 01:54:54.760 --> 01:54:56.653 The operating reserve demand curve. 01:54:57.750 --> 01:55:00.300 We've spent a lot of time talking about it. 01:55:00.300 --> 01:55:02.470 It is, you know, 01:55:02.470 --> 01:55:06.240 it improves the price signals in the market 01:55:06.240 --> 01:55:10.180 when we are truly in scarcity, but it's not, it's not, 01:55:10.180 --> 01:55:12.310 it is, it is a just one element 01:55:12.310 --> 01:55:15.333 of the market of the energy only market. 01:55:16.744 --> 01:55:18.930 And I think we've had a lot of discussions around 01:55:18.930 --> 01:55:21.190 kind of the, 01:55:21.190 --> 01:55:23.670 what the appetite is for those high prices. 01:55:23.670 --> 01:55:26.740 So we need to talk a little bit around kind of the, 01:55:26.740 --> 01:55:29.710 not just the operational characteristics of the market, 01:55:29.710 --> 01:55:32.340 but the politics and the public perception 01:55:32.340 --> 01:55:34.132 of having, you know, high prices 01:55:34.132 --> 01:55:36.015 and whether or not, you know, 01:55:36.015 --> 01:55:37.865 that sort of a sustainable situation. 01:55:39.330 --> 01:55:42.280 We've talked about the CDR and with that, 01:55:42.280 --> 01:55:44.820 I am available for questions. 01:55:44.820 --> 01:55:46.860 All right. Thank you very much, Barbara. 01:55:46.860 --> 01:55:48.638 Excellent presentation laying out 01:55:48.638 --> 01:55:50.460 a lot of complex ideas. 01:55:50.460 --> 01:55:54.763 Appreciate how you pack a lot of information in there. 01:55:54.763 --> 01:55:56.403 I think at this point, 01:55:57.940 --> 01:55:58.840 we should go ahead 01:56:00.106 --> 01:56:02.050 and we will go ahead and break for lunch right now 01:56:02.050 --> 01:56:06.293 and save the panels for when we return. 01:56:07.200 --> 01:56:10.066 I clearly did too short of a lunch last time, 01:56:10.066 --> 01:56:11.166 we went in 45 minutes? 01:56:13.150 --> 01:56:14.060 Work for everybody? 01:56:14.060 --> 01:56:14.910 Yep. Sure. 01:56:14.910 --> 01:56:15.855 Right. 01:56:15.855 --> 01:56:19.560 We will reconvene at 12:15, the first item, 01:56:19.560 --> 01:56:22.330 we will get a Commission staff 01:56:22.330 --> 01:56:25.780 to we'll jump to weatherization item 01:56:25.780 --> 01:56:27.660 and then we'll return to our panels. 01:56:27.660 --> 01:56:28.510 See you all soon.